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Teaching procedures

1. Ask the Ss what they think a color therapist is. A color therapist helps people improve their health, mood and appearance by using colors.

2. Ask Ss if they believe that colors can affect our mood.

3. Explain to Ss that the paper at the top of page 32 is an advertisement. Ask a student to read the advertisement out loud. Tell the students must use the information in the advertisement to complete Millie’s notes. Remind them that they will not be able to complete the note.

4. Ask ss to look carefully at what they have written in Part A1, and pay attention to the gaps they have not yet been able to fill in.

5. ask ss to look at their answers. If they still have some questions, play the tape once more without stopping.

6. check the mistakes and pronunciation.

Part B

Teaching procedures

1. Review “advice”

2. Ask one student to play the role of Millie and another one to play the role of Andy.

3.Write some vocabulary on the blackboard for students to use. “blouse, coat, trousers, loose, tight, comfortable”. Remind students that each color represents something different . Ask them to refer to the passage to check what different colors represent.

4. Work in pairs.

5.Role—playing.

Language points

1. Millie, could you give me some advice?  米丽，你能给我一些建议吗？

give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议

advice是不可数名词，不能加-s. 表示“一个建议”要说 a piece of advice

2. What about jeans and a blue shirt?   牛仔裤和蓝衬衫如何？

    jeans 和trousers 多应以复数出现。要说these trousers /those jeans 或 a pair of jeans/trousers

3 He should rub white oil into his head.他应该把白色的油擦在头上。

▲rub 用动动词，意思是“擦，擦净，搓”。它的现在分词是rubbing,过去式和过去分词都是rubbed.如：

①  He was rubbing his hands together 他正在搓手。

②Rub this oil on your skin.请在你皮肤上擦这种油。

③He rubbed his hands with the soap.他用肥皂擦洗双手。

④The dog rubbed itself (its head ) against my legs.那条狗在我的腿上磨擦（他的头）。

4、She rubs oil into their hands.她把油擦在手上。

▲oil 作不可数名词用，意思是“油”如：

① oil does not mix with water.水火不相容。

② They need some oil.他们需要些油。

oil 作可数名词用，意思是“油画颜料，油画作品”。如：

①She is good at painting in oils.她擅长画油画。

②He bought a few oils yesterday.他昨天买了几幅油画作品。

oil 作动词用，意思是“给….加油，给…擦油，融化”。如：

She is oiling the car.她正在给小汽车加油。

Can you oil my leather shoes?你能给我的皮鞋擦一擦油吗？

Butter oils when heated .黄油受热就融化。

5、Pate 一词的用法

▲Pate 作形容词用，意思是“苍白的，暗淡的，白皙的”。如：

①He turned pale at the news. 他听到那个消息面容失色。

②You are looking pale today.你今天看上去气色不好。

③I like pale blue best.我最喜欢淡蓝色。

④He grew pale with fear.他害怕得脸色发白了。

⑤A pale moon is above the forest.森林上空挂着朦胧的月亮。

⑥The sky looks pale. I think it is going to rain.天空看上去灰蒙蒙的，我想天要下雨了。

⑦The candle gives out pale light。那蜡烛发出微弱的灯光。

6．No ,they，re too tight .I prefer to wear jeans. 不，那太紧了，我还是穿牛仔裤。

▲Tight 用作形容词，意思是“紧的”“不自然的”如：

①This drawer is so tight that I can，t open it.这抽屉太紧了，我拉不开。

②I can，t get the cork out of the bottle it，s to tight.我无法把瓶塞拨出来，太紧了。

③Those shoes are too tight for me to wear.那鞋太紧了我不能穿。

④She wears a pair of tight trousers.她穿了一条紧身裤子。

⑤He looked at me with a tight smile.他不自然地微笑着看了看我。

7、some colours can make you feel warm.橙色也是暖色之一。

▲ warmth用作名词，意思是“温暖、暖和”。如：

①  it has the warmth of the climate there .这儿的气候很暖和。

②He was pleased with the warmth of his welcome.热烈的欢迎使他非常高兴。

②He was very touched by the warmth of their welcome.他由于受到热烈的欢迎而感动。

warmth用作形容词，意思是“暖和的”“温暖的”“热心的”“（指颜色和声调）暖调的”。如：

①Come and get warm by the fire.来炉子旁取暖吧。

②It was warm ,but not yesterday.昨天很暖和，但不太热。

③Red , yellow and orange are called warm color.红色，黄色和橙色被叫做暖色。

④The foreigners were given a warm welcome.那些外宾受到了热烈欢迎。

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Teaching procedures

1. Write the letters “th” on the blackboard. Ask the Ss to pronounce these letters. Tell them different pronunciations.

2. Read through the three rules.

3. Play the recording for Part A & B C

4. Practice more.

Language points

辅音字符 th 有 清与浊 两种读音：

1 当位于词首时，可以从词性上判别其应有的读音。请看：
第一类：在以下 4种 词类 th 读 清音，即国际音标的 θ ：
a. Noun 名词：thing, theatre, thumb大拇指, thunder雷,
thermos热水瓶, Thursday, theory, theme, throat喉咙, thread线

b. Verb 动词：think, thank, throw, thrive, thicken,

c.Numeral 数词：three, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand

d.Adjective 形容词：thin, thick, thirsty, thoughtful,
thorough彻底的

第二类：在以下 两种 词类 th 读 浊音：
a. Pronoun 代词：they, them, their, theirs, this, these,
that, those, there, thy[旧时用法]你的

b. Functional terms 功能词：the, than, then, though, thus,
therefore
2 当位于词尾（或音节之尾）时，其读音多数是清音，如：bath, breath, both, cloth, tooth, health, wealth, arithmetic 等。只有在少数单词中，如：with, smooth 中读浊音。
3 当位于两个元音之间时，其读音多数是浊音。如：other, mother, brother, another, father, weather, feather, leather, further, breathe.
但是，也有读清音的。如在单词 method, nothing, anything, sympathy, sympathetic, mathematics, healthy, wealthy, Luther, Marathon(马拉松)等。

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Teaching procedures

1. Explain the context. Students are working on a project about the relationship between colors and moods. They will look at pictures of people and assess their moods based on the colors they are wearing.

2. Tell Ss that making a list can be a good way to organize their thoughts and ideas.

3. Point out students that for each color mentioned in the list, there is an explanation of what the color means.

4.Some “wh” questions.

5.Ask Ss to work in pairs to fill in the blanks.

6. Discussion.

Language points

1. I think the woman is feeling weak and a little bit stressed.我想这个妇女感到虚弱和一点压力。

a little bit stressed  有一点压力 a bit 表示“一点儿”，修饰形容词时，相当于 a little

e.g. He felt a bit tired after the long walk.= He felt a little tired after the long walk.

2. Red represents power and it is also the colour of heat and strong feelings.

   如果你是一位需要体能力量的人你应该穿红色衣服，红色代表力量。

  ★power是名词，意思是“能力”“精力”“体力”“权力”“力量”“动力”。如：

① It is out of my power to help you.  我没有能力帮助你。

② The animals has the power of changing its color.  这种动物有改变颜色的能力。

③ You are taxing your powers too much.  你在耗费太多的精力。

④ More power to your elbow.  努力啊，祝你成功。（用于鼓励人们的话语）

⑤ Knowledge is power.  知识就是力量。

⑥ He lost his power of speech.  他失去了发言的权力。

⑦ A new power station was built in their hometown last year.

 去年他们家乡新建了一发电站。

  ★powerful是形容词，意思是“强有力的”“强烈的”“强健的”“有权力的”，其反义词是powerless。如：

① We should have a powerful body.  人们应该有强健的身体。

② The wine is very powerful.  这酒力很强。

③ Onions have a powerful smell.  洋葱有气味很强。

④ Tom is a very powerful swimmer.  汤姆是位游泳健将。

⑤ Without your support, I am powerless.  没有你的支持，我无能为力。

3. hot和heat

  ★hot是形容词，意思是“热的”“辛辣的”，在句子中作定语或表语。如：

① It is very hot today.  今天天气很热。

② Strike while the iron is hot.  趁热打铁。（谚语）

③ That long run made me hot.  那次长跑使我发热。

④ He has a hot temper.  他脾气不好。

  ★hot可构成词汇：

hot house  温室                         hot line  热线

hot dog  热狗                            hot plate  电炉，煤气灶

hot spring  温泉                        hot-press  热压机

hot-water bottle  热水袋             hot-water heating  暖气设备

  ★heat是名词，意思是“热量、热度”，在句子中常用宾语和主语。如：

① The sun doesn’t give much heat.  太阳光照不强。

② The farmer suffered from the heat.  农民深受炎热天气之苦。

③ Never go out in the heat of the day without a hat.

 在白天最热的时候出门不能不带帽子。

④ Cold is the absence of heat.  冷是热的不存在。

More exercises make perfect

根据首字母提示完成下列句子：

1. Red represents p __________ and s_____________.

2. Paul has strong p_________ and likes to be the leader.

3. This can help when you have d__________- making a decision.

4. I’d r__________ wear a blue coat than a red coat.

5. Green can give us e_________ because it r___________ new life and growth.

6. White is the color of p________. If you wear white, you will feel p______.

7. Blue can c_______ the feeling of harmony.

8. Is there a_________ in the room? I’m hungry.

9. Do you know that colours can a_________ our moods?

10. Orange can bring you s________ .It can c______ you up when you are sad.

根据首字母提示完成下列句子：

  1. power   strength           2. personality

  3. difficulty                        4. rather

  5. energy  represents                6. purity  peaceful

  7. creative                          8. anything

  9. affect                             10. success   cheer

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Teaching procedures

1.Revision

2.Doing some exercises on the book.

3.Ask the students to do some more practice.

Language points

1. 1. I can’t see anything strange about the photo, either. 我也看不出这张照片有什么奇怪的地方。

either “也”，常用在否定句中。肯定句中用too/also/ as well. （as）

e.g. He doesn’t know anything about it , either.

He （also） knows something about it.

He knows something about it ,too/ as well.

2. He does look like Mr. Wu. 他看上去真的像吴老师。

does look like 中的does起强调作用。“真的很像”的意思。

e.g. He did go to Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天真的去上海了。

More exercises make perfect

翻译。

我们宁愿去见他，也不愿在这儿等他。

We ___________________ meet him than ______________ him.

他宁可今天去那儿，也不愿明天去。

He would__________________ today ______________ tomorrow.

以前孩子们喜欢步行上学而不乘车。

Before the children _____________________ there to _________ a bus.

你是喜欢茶还是咖啡？

Which _______________________, coffee or tea?

他不喜欢和女孩们一起去野餐。

He _________________________ on a picnic with the girls.

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Unit 2 Color   Welcome to the unit

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To recognize the names of different colors

To recognize the colors of the rainbow and the order of the colors

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To recognize the names of different colors

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To recognize the colors of the rainbow and the order of the colors

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Teaching procedures

1.Ask students to raise their hands if they have ever seen a rainbow. Ask students to tell you when a rainbow occurs.

2. Explain to students that the colors of a rainbow always appear in order shown in the picture on page 21. Ask them to write the colors in the blanks in Part A. This is a simple exercise and the students can work on their own.

3. For Part B, ask two students to play the roles of Amy and Amy’s cousin. Ask them to read the conversation aloud.

4. Ask students to list the colors of the names of the colors in the correct order.

Language  points.

Comic Strips

1. I’d rather wear blue than pink. 我宁愿穿蓝色也不愿穿粉红色。

would rather… than… 表示“宁愿…而不愿…”，“更愿意…”；rather后跟动词原形。

e.g. I’d rather play tennis than swim.

He’d rather stay at home than go out on such a rainy day.

2. There’s nothing wrong with pink, you know.  你是知道的，粉红色本身没有错。

nothing 是不定代词，它通常放在所修饰的形容词之前。类似的不定代词还有something/somebody; anything/anybody; nobody/nothing/no one 等。

There is nothing/ something wrong with sb./ sth. 表示某人/某个东西没出/出了毛病。

e.g. There is something wrong with my watch It doesn’t work.

以上句子也可以用以下方式表示：

Nothing is wrong with pink.

3. But blue looks good on you. 但蓝色穿在你身上看上去很好看。

look good  看上去好看的， on you   表示“穿在你身上” 的意思。

4. Pink is a girl’s colour. 粉红色是女孩子穿的颜色。

    ★colour/color用作名词，意为“色彩”“颜色”。如：

① This kind of insect can change colour.  这种昆虫会变色。

② They bought a new colour television last month.  上个月他们买了一台新彩电。

③ What colour is your new car?  你的新车是什么颜色？

④ This dress fits well but I don’t like the colour.  这衣服很合身，但我不喜欢这颜色

  ★colour用作动词，意为“着色”“涂颜色于……”。如：

    ① He coloured the wall white.  他把墙涂成白色。

② His younger sister is colouring a picture.  他的妹妹正在给一幅画涂上颜色。

③ Why don’t you colour your dog brown?  你为何不把狗涂成褐色呢？

5. I’d rather wear blue than pink.  我宁愿空蓝色的也不愿穿粉红色的。

  ★rather用作表示程度的副词，意为“相当”“太”，与very, quite, too同义，用来修饰形容词或副词。如：

① This book is rather bad.  这本书不太好。

② The girl is rather ugly.  这女孩很难看。

③ The book is rather easy.  这本书相当容易。

④ She was very thin, but rather tall.  她很瘦，但相当高。

⑤ He is driving rather fast.  他开车开得相当快。

★rather和quite可用来修饰名词，一般放在冠词前面，但如果名词前有形容词，也可放在a / an冠词的后面。如：

① It’s rather / quite a pity.  这太可惜了。

② He seemed to take rather / quite a fancy to me.  在我看来，他似乎相当漂亮。

③ It’s a rather / quite good idea. (＝It’s rather / quite a good idea.) 这可真是个好主意。

④ That’s a rather / quite good film. (＝That’s rather / quite a good film.)

   那倒是一部很好的电影。

⑤ It was rather / quite a cold day. (＝It was a rather / quite cold day.)

   那是相当寒冷的日子。

  ★would rather意为“宁愿”“宁可”，后接动词原形，否定式时，not要放在would rather之后。如：

① I would rather go there tomorrow.  我宁愿明天去那儿。

② She would rather stay at home.  他宁愿呆在家里。

③ Which would you rather have, tea or coffee?  你愿意吃哪个，茶还是咖啡？

④ He would rather not go to the party.  他宁可不去参加聚会。

⑤ I’d rather not tell you about it.  我不愿告诉你此事。

  ★would rather…than…美国人也用had rather…(than)，通常省略成’d rather，意为“宁愿……而不愿……”。如：

① I’d rather stay at home than go to the park today.  我今天宁愿呆在家而不去公园。

② She would rather walk there than take a bus.  她宁愿步行去那儿，也不愿意坐汽车去。

③ She’d rather die than lose than children.  她宁愿死，也不愿意失去孩子。

④ She would rather have the small one than the large one.  我宁愿要小的，而不要大的。

⑤ We would rather have the meeting in the classroom than in the hall.

   我们宁愿在教室开会，也不愿意在礼堂开会。

。（有心中舒服的感觉）

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Reading 1

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To understand what colors represent

To recognize and understand vocabulary about emotions

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To understand what colors represent

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To recognize and understand vocabulary about emotions

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Part A  Teaching procedures

1. Read the passage aloud. Ask students to listen to you carefully and follow the text on the page.

2. Ask one student at a time to read a paragraph. After each paragraph, ask students to say which parts of the text they do not understand.

3. Ask more able students what they think about the article. Do they agree with what it says  or which part of it do they like most? Encourage more able students to give reasons for their answers.

4. Ask students to tell the class any interesting facts they know about the colors.

Part B.  Teaching procedures

1. Ask students to read Part A on page 22 and 23 again and use the information to complete Part B1 on page 24.

2. Ask students to work in pairs to complete Part B2. Ask students to raise their hands when they have finished. The first pair to finish the exercise correctly is the winner.

3. After students have finished, give the correct answer to each question.

Language points

1. Do you know anything interesting about colours?  你知道关于颜色的一些有趣的事情吗？

anything interesting  一些有趣的事情, anything 是不定代词，形容词interesting要放在它的后面。

2. Colours can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.

    颜色会改变我们的情绪，让我们感到高兴或悲伤，充满活力或昏昏欲睡。

    make sb. do sth. “使得某人做某事”，后接宾语和宾语补足语。

e.g. The news made her very sad.

3. Wearing blue clothes or sleeping in a blue room is good for the mind and body because this colour creates the feeling of harmony.  穿蓝色的衣服或睡在一间蓝色的房间里对我们的身体和头脑都有好处，因为这个颜色创造出和谐的感觉。

be good for … “对…有利”

e.g. Taking a walk after supper is good for our health.

    它的反义词是 be bad for

    wearing是wear的动名词形式，因为它在句中做主语，所以要加ing

e.g. Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.

4. I am feeling blue. 我感到伤心。

英语中一些表示颜色的词常常会有另外的喻义。

e.g. a green hand  生手

He is yellow.  他懦弱。

a white lie 一个善意的谎言

5. People who live in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to give their homes a warm and comfortable feel.  生活在寒冷气候下的人们更愿意使用暖色给他们的家带来温暖、舒适的感觉。

prefer “更喜欢”，后可跟名词、代词，也可跟动词不定式或动名词。

e.g. He prefers coffee.

I prefer to live in a city.= I prefer living in a city.

    表示“与…相比更喜欢…”用prefer…to…

e.g. He prefers football/playing football to basketball/playing basketball.

6. Orange can bring you success and cheer you up when you are feeling sad.橘黄色能给你带来成功，并且当你伤心的时候能使你振作起来。

7. Yellow is the colour of sun, so it can remind you of a warm, sunny day.黄色是太阳的颜色，所以它能使你想起温暖、晴朗的日子。

remind sb of sth/ sb. “使某人想起某事/某人”

e.g. He reminds me of my brother.

8. Wearing red makes it easier for you to take actions. 穿红色衣服帮助你更容易采取行动。

9. This can help when you are having difficulty making a decision. 当你难以作出决定的时候，它会帮助你。

make a decision “做决定”

have difficulty doing sth. “做某事有困难”

e.g. They had some difficulties getting on the bus yesterday.

More exercises make perfect

根据首字母提示完成下列句子：

1. Red represents p __________ and s_____________.

2. Paul has strong p_________ and likes to be the leader.

3. This can help when you have d__________- making a decision.

4. I’d r__________ wear a blue coat than a red coat.

5. Green can give us e_________ because it r___________ new life and growth.

6. White is the color of p________. If you wear white, you will feel p______.

7. Blue can c_______ the feeling of harmony.

8. Is there a_________ in the room? I’m hungry.

9. Do you know that colours can a_________ our moods?

10. Orange can bring you s________ .It can c______ you up when you are sad.

根据首字母提示完成下列句子：

  1. power   strength           2. personality

  3. difficulty                        4. rather

  5. energy  represents                6. purity  peaceful

  7. creative                          8. anything

  9. affect                             10. success   cheer

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Reading 2

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To recognize and understand vocabulary about emotions

To match colors to characteristics

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To recognize and understand vocabulary about emotions

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To match colors to characteristics

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Part C Teaching procedures

1. Ask students to refer to the passage on page 22 and 23 and use the information there to fill in Part C1 to fill in the blanks in Part C1 on page 25.

2. Ask students to check their answers with their partners. If students have different answers, ask them to read out .

3. Ask 5 students to read out one thought bubble each. Make corrections as you go along and explain why the answers are incorrect.

4. Tell students that it is time for them to think of their favorite color. Tell them to write the name of this color in the first blank in Part C2.

5. Ask students to check in the reading passage of their to see what these colors represent. They should then write what the colors represent in the second blank.

6. Now, ask students to think about why they like this color. Encourage them to think about how this color makes them feel.

7. Encourage students to think about their own characteristics. Remind them that they can also use words that are not on board. Ask them to write their characteristics in the fourth blank.

8. Ask students to compare what they have written in the third and fourth blanks. They should decide whether their characteristics represents. Then they should tick “yes” or “no” in the fifth blank.

9. When students have finished , ask 5 or 6 of the more able students to stand up and read what they have written to the rest of the class. Praise them for any parts they have done well. Try not to focus only on their mistakes.

Language points

1. They can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.

   它们能改变我们的心情使我们感到快乐或悲伤，精力旺盛或无精打采。

  ★asleep是形容词，表示一种状态，在句子中都可作表语，一般不能放在被修饰名词前作定语，意为“睡着的，入睡的”。如：

① He was very tired and soon fell asleep.  他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。

② He seems to be fast asleep.  他似乎睡得很香。

③ He was asleep with his head on his arms.  他把头枕在手臂睡着了。

  ★sleepy用作形容词，意为“欲睡的”“困乏的”，在句子中可作定语，修饰名词。如：

① I shall go to bed because I am so sleepy.  我要睡觉了，因为我很困。

② I am too sleepy to watch the end of the film.  我太困了，以致于没看完这部影片。

③ She always has a sleep expression.  她总是没有精神。

  ★sleep是动词或名词，意思是“睡觉”。如：

① I had a sound sleep last night.  昨晚我睡得很香。

② He was very tired and soon he got to sleep.  他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。

③ He slept very badly.  他睡眠不好。

④ She is still sleeping.  她还睡着。

⑤ Don’t wake him up. Let him sleep on.  别叫醒他。让他继续睡吧。

⑥ As he slept, he dreamed a dream.  他睡着的时候，他做了一个梦。

⑦ I didn’t go to sleep until I finished my homework.  我昨晚做完作业后才睡觉。

【注】动名词sleeping可用作定语。如：

　　　sleeping bags  睡袋                       sleeping cars  卧车

　　　sleeping pills  安眠药                            sleeping sickness  瞌睡病

  ★cry oneself to sleep意为“哭着睡着了”。如：

① I cried myself to sleep at last.  我自己哭着最后睡着了。

② The child cried himself to sleep.  孩子哭着睡着了。

  ★get to sleep / go to sleep意为“睡着”“入睡”。如：

① I couldn’t get to sleep because I was too excited.  我不能入睡，因为我太激动。

② She can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 我睡不着觉,因为外面的噪声太大。

③ As I was reading I went to sleep.  我一边看着书，一边睡着了。

④ You can go to sleep (on a sofa) without going to bed; and you can go to bed without going to sleep.

   你可以不上床（在沙发上）睡着，你也可以上床不睡着。

  ★in a sound / deep / beautiful sleep意为“睡得正熟（香）”。如：

① In half an hour everyone in the house was in a sound sleep.

   半个小时后，屋子里所有的人都进入了梦乡。

② Your little daughter is in such a beautiful sleep.  你的小女儿睡得正香。

  ★put to sleep意为“使……睡着”。如：

① One of the pills will put you to sleep in half an hour.

其中的一粒药片会使你在半小时内睡着。

② The soft music put her to sleep.  这轻音乐使她睡着了。

2. This report explains what colours can do and the characteristics they represent.

   这篇文章阐述了颜色的作用以及它们所代表的特征。

见unit 1

3. explain一词的用法

见unit 1

4. Have you ever walked into a room and felt relaxed? 你曾经走进一个房间感到很随意吗？

  ★relax用作动词，意思是“放松”“（使）不紧张”。如：

① Forget your worries and relax.  忘记你的烦恼，放松自己。

② Let’s stop working and relax for half an hour.  让我们停止工作，放松半小时。

③ Relax and enjoy yourself.  轻松轻松，你会过得愉快的。

④ He needed a good book to relax himself.  他需要一本书来调节自己。

  ★relaxed是过去分词，在句中作表语或定语，意为“放松的”“不紧张的”。如：

① He is feeling relaxed now.  他现在觉得很轻松。

② A relaxed atmosphere made me feel better.  轻松的气氛使我感到好得多。

③ He was lying in the sun looking very relaxed and happy. 

他躺在阳光下，看上去很轻松而愉快。

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Vocabulary

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Teaching procedures

1. Ask students whether they know what synonyms are. Encourage more able students to give an oral explain to students that synonyms are two different words that mean the same thing.

2. Explain the context of Part A. Millie has a word game about synonyms. Tell students to complete Part A.

3. Ask one student at a time to read out an answer. Check for mistakes and mispronunciation.

4. Explain that each word on the wheel in Part B has a synonym. Students should find the correct synonym in the box and write it opposite the corresponding word.

5. When students have completed Part B, read out the words on the wheel one at a time. Ask students to work on their own.

6.You can list more synonyms on the board with the help of a thesaurus. More able students can also add more pairs of synonyms to the list.

Language points

英语同义词归纳

毗连

　　abut v. 接界，毗连

　　adjacent adj. 接近的，毗连的

　　coterminous adj. 毗连的，有共同边界的

　　无知

　　gosling n. 小鹅，年轻无知的人

　　ignoramus n. 无知者，笨蛋

　　ignorance n. 无知

　　胆汁

　　bile n. 胆汁

　　bilious adj. 多胆汁的，坏脾气的

　　gall n. 胆汁(bile)，怨恨(hatred)

　　烤

　　barbecue n. 烤肉架，烤肉

　　baste v. 倒脂油于(烤肉上，以防烤干)

　　gridiron n. 烤架，橄榄球场

　　grill v. 烤，烤问

n. 烤架

　　parch v. 烘烤，干热

　　scorch v. 烤焦，烧焦

　　skewer n. (烤肉用的)串肉杆

v. 用杆串好

　　broil v. 烤，烧

　　散漫

　　amorphous adj. 无定形的，散漫的

　　desultory adj. 不连贯的，散漫的

　　diffuse v. 散布，(光等)漫射

　　 adj. 漫射的，散漫的

　　discursive adj. 散漫的，无层次的

　　放荡

　　debauch v. 使放荡，堕落

　　debauchery n. 放荡，沉缅酒色

　　dissipated adj. 浪费的，放荡的

　　dissolute adj. 放荡的，无节制的

　　raffish adj. 轻浮的，放荡的

　　主义

　　altruism n. 利他主义，不自私

　　asceticism n. 禁欲主义

　　celibacy n. 独身(主义)

　　chauvinism n. 沙文主义，盲目爱国主义

　　cynicism n. 愤世嫉俗，犬儒主义

　　eclecticism n. 折衷主义

　　empiricism n. 经验主义

　　autism n. 孤独症，自我中心主义

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Grammar A and B

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Teaching procedures

1. Arouse students’ interest by asking them whether they had the experience of talking on the Internet. Ask those students who are familiar with online chatting to share their experiences with the class.

2. then explain the context. Amy and Millie are chatting on the internet. They want to go shopping tomorrow and are trying to decide where to go. They are talking about where they like to shop and what they want to eat for lunch.

3. Tell Ss that we use the “would rather…than…” structure to talk about preferences, i,e, that we like one thing more than another. When we write or talk to our friends, we use the contracts form “I’d rather…”

Part B

Teaching procedures

1. Explain the context. Suppose your students are at the shopping mall with the Class 1, Grade 9 students. As they go into different shops, students say which items they like.

2. Tell students that we can also use the structure “prefer …to…” to talk about preferences.

3. Give students some examples of how the structure works by writing some sample sentences on the board.

4. Ask Ss what their food preferences are, using this structure, e.g.,

  T: Simon , do you prefer chocolate or ice cream?

  S: I prefer ice cream to chocolate.

5. Ask students to use the hints given in the pictures to make sentence. Make sure they understand

all of the pictures . When everything is clear, ask Ss to complete the exercise. Remind them that they must write complete sentences.

6. Ask five students to read out one completed sentence.

Language points

1．Would rather….句型的用法

Would rather…than…意思是“宁愿….而不原，喜欢….而不喜欢。”在使用时，前面和后面都必须用表示并列的成人它的否定形式应该在would rather 的后面加not,而不是在would的后面加not.如：

I would rather have the red one than the green one.我宁愿要红的，而不要绿的。

“will you join us in a game of cards”“thank you ,but I，d rather not”.“你愿意和我们一起打牌吗？”“谢谢，我不想。”

[注]后跟句子，该从句要用过去时。如：

③ I would rather you posted the letter right now.我倒希望你把这封信寄了。

He would rather you came tomorrow than today.他宁愿你明天来，而不是今天来。

2．Prefer和prefer….to的用法

▲prefer 是动词，它的过去式和过去分词都是preferred .它的意思是“宁愿，更喜欢”，后面跟名词或代词，也可接不定式或动名词。如：

① Do you prefer tea or coffee?你更喜欢茶还是咖啡。

I prefer English but you prefer Chinese.我喜欢英语，而你更喜欢语文。

He preferred spending the summer in the country.我倒喜欢在乡下过夏天。

She prefers to stay at home on Sunday.星期天她更喜欢呆在家里。

Which do you prefer , a dog or a cat?你更喜欢那个，狗还是猫？

[注]后可接动名词，也可接不定式，但前有情态动词时，其后只能用不定式。试比较：

① I prefer to do it myself./ I  prefer doing it myself.我喜欢自己做这件事。

② I would prefer to do it myself.我宁愿自己做这件事。

prefer 加名词或动名词，意思是“喜欢….而不喜欢….”如：

I prefer the town to the country.我喜欢城镇而不喜欢农村。

She prefers red to blue.她喜欢红色，而不喜欢蓝色。

I prefer staying at home to going out on Sundays.星期天我喜欢呆在家里，而不喜欢到外面去。

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Grammar C and D

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Teaching procedures

1. Tell Ss that we use the “would rather…than…” structure to talk about preferences, i,e, that we like one thing more than another. When we write or talk to our friends, we use the contracts form “I’d rather…”

2. Once students have finished, ask on e student to play the role of Millie and another to play the role of Amy. Ask them to read out the completed conversation. Correct mistakes and mispronunciations.

3. Ask Ss to complete “Work out the rule!” on their own.

Part C Teaching procedures

1. Remind students that the pronouns “someone somebody, anyone anybody, no one nobody” are used to refer to people. We use them when we do not know who the person is. We can not use them to refer to objects.

2. Go through rules 1,2 and 3 on page 29 with students. Then ask Ss to read the rules aloud, with each student reading one sentence.

3.Check whether students understand the rules by writing the following sentences on the board.

 Is there__________ in the bathroom? (anyone/anybody)

 __________ recognized Millie because of her new hairstyle.(No one/ Nobody)

 Look,_________ has dropped 100 yuan.(Someone/Somebody)

4. Ask Ss which words should go in the gaps. If Ss got some answers wrong, you may need to go through the rules again in more detail.

5.Review “bad mood, cheer up, secret, normal”

Part D

Teaching procedures

1. Explain to Ss that “something, anything, nothing and none” refer to things. We use them when we do not know or do not need to say.

2.Read rules 1,2 and 3 on page 31 to the class. Tell them to follow the rules. Ask them if they have some questions.

3.Doing the exercise.

4.Ask one student to read one paragraph at a time. Repeat the correct answers so Ss can understand clearly.

Language points

1.由some, any ,no, every.构成的复合不定代词的用法

由some. any no 和every 可以与one ,body ,thing构成复合不定代词，它们的用法与some. any 的用法相同。如：

Somebody(有人，某人)

Anybody(任何人)

Nobody(没有人)

Everybody(每人，人人)

Someone(有人，某人)

Anyone(任何人)

No one(没有人)

Everyone(人人，每人)

Something(某事)

Anything(任何事)

Nothing(没有东西)

Everything(一切，事事)

以上的复合代词都表示单数的概念，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

I  found nobody in the classroom.我发现教室里空无一人。

I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你们。

“is there anything wrong with your watch”?“No, Nothing is wrong with it.”“你的手表有些毛病吗？”“没有，一点毛病没有”。

“what，s  in your pocket”? “你的口袋里有什么？”“没有什么”.

I，ve done nothing today.今天没有做什么。

“is there anything interesting in today，s newspaper ?”“Nothing much”.“今天的报纸上有些有趣的东西吗？”“没有什么”。

No one in our class can answer this question.我们班上没有一个人能回答这个问题。

Everything is ready. Let，s begin our meeting .一切准备就绪。我们开始开会吧！

Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.听！有人在敲门。

Would you like something to eat?你想吃点东西吗？

（11）somebody is waiting for you at the school gate, Kate.凯特，有人在校门口等你。

（12）I am looking for something a little cheaper.我正在找稍微便宜一点的东西。

（13）if there is no bread ,we will eat something else.如果没有面包，我们就吃点别的东西。

（14）we will get something to eat at the snack bar.我们去那个零食店吃点什么。

（15）you cannot get anything for nothing你什么都不付出，就想得到点是不可能的。

（16）There is something in what you said , I will take your advice.你说的话有点道理，我会听你的忠告的。

（17）something is better than nothing.有总比没有好。

（18）This is the mysterious something which they have worked so hard to find.这就是他们付出极其艰辛的劳动所要寻找的那种神秘的东西。

（19）if you see somebody drowning what you will do?如果你看到有人快要淹死了，你应该怎么办？

（20）I think anyone can learn skating.我认为任何人都可以学会溜冰的。

（21）has anything unusal happened?有什么不平常的事发生了吗？

[注]一般来说，当主语是指人的复合代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they;当前面句子中的复合代词指物，如everything ,something, anything, nothing 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词用it.如：

① Everyone is here ,aren’t they?人都到了，是吗？

② Everything is ready, isn’t  it ?一切准备好了，是吗？

Somebody is waiting for me at the gate , aren ’t they?有人在门口等我，是吗？

[注]当形容词或else(别的，其它的)修饰复合不定代词something , everything , nothing ,anybody ,nobody 等时，该形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如：

① Do you have anything interesting to tell me?你有什么有趣的事情要告诉我吗？

②I  have answered several questions .Do you have anything else to ask?我回答了好几个问题。你还有别的要问吗？

is there anybody else in the room?屋子里还有别的人吗？

 [注]none ,nothing 和no one 的区别； none既可指人，也可指物，它只是指在一定范围内，代替上下文已出现过的名词。Nothing表示“没有什么东西”，只能指物，不能指人，同时没有任何限制。No one 一般用来指人，使用时不受一定范围的限制，后面一般不接引导的介词短语，如：

“Have you bought any clothes”? “None”.“你买衣服了吗？”“一件没买”。

“What did you buy yesterday?” “None”“昨天你买什么了？”“没有买什么”。

“did anyone come to see me ?”“一个人也没有”。

“are there any birds in the tree now ?” “None”.“现在树上有鸟吗？”“一只也没有。”

“what is in the bag?” “None”“袋子里有什么？”“什么也没有。”

anyone, any one 和anybody的区别

anyone=anybody指任何人，不能指物，也不可以与of引导的介词短语连用。Anyone作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Anyone/anybody属于单数，其对应的代词要用him/his.如：

anyone /anybody who refused to leave was thrown into prison.拒绝离开的人被投入监狱。

If anyone/anybody comes ,please ask him to wait.如果有人来，请叫他等一下。

[注]回答与表示一个范的of 介词短语连用进，anyone须写成两上单词any one.如：

You may choose any one of them.你可以任选一个。

I don，t like any one of them.他们中任何一个我都不喜欢。

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