重阳节到了,我们欣赏唐代古人的重阳诗,也欣赏近代伟人的重阳词。现将毛泽东的《采桑子·重阳》英译三文刊登于此,与同好者共赏。
原词:
采桑子·重阳
一九二九年十月
人生易老天难老,岁岁重阳。今又重阳,战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲,不似春光。胜似春光,寥廓江天万里霜。
许渊冲的译文(步原词韵。1993年10月中国对外翻译出版公司第一版)——
THE DOUBLE NINTH
Tune: “PICKING MULBERRIES”
October 1929
Nature does not grow old as fast as man;
Each year the Double Ninth comes round.
And now the Double Ninth comes round.
How sweet are the yellow flowers on the battleground!
See autumn reign with heavy winds once every year,
Unlike springtime.
Far more sublime,
The boundless sky and waters blend with endless rime.
辜正坤的译文(从英诗aabb韵式。1993年10月北京大学出版社第一版)——
THE DOUBLE NINTH
to the tune of Mulberry Picking Song
Man ages too easily but heaven never gets old,
Double Ninth comes yearly in the same mould.
This year"s Double Ninth would tell
The yellow flowers on the battlefield sweeter smell.
Every year in autumn the wind blows with might,
How different from the spring sight!
Yet in splendor the autumn could the spring defy
With its frosty and boundless water and sky.
(October 1929)
外文出版社1999年3月第一版的译文(首阙abca韵式,二阙宽步原词韵)——
THE DOUBLE NINTH
——to the tune of Cai Sang Zi
October 1929
Man ages all too easily, not Nature:
Year by year the Double Ninth returns.
On this Double Ninth,
The yellow blooms on the battlefield smell sweeter.
Each year the autumn wind blows fierce,
Unlike spring"s splendour,
Yet surpassing spring"s splendour,
See the endless expanse of frosty sky and water.
采桑子·重阳
一九二九年十月
人生易老天难老,岁岁重阳。今又重阳,战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲,不似春光。胜似春光,寥廓江天万里霜。
这首词最早发表在《人民文学》1962年5月号。
笺释
\[采桑子\]:唐教坊曲《杨下采桑》截章而成此令,又有《丑令儿》、《罗敷媚歌》等称,双调,四十四字,本篇守谱押用一部平韵。
\[重阳\]:作者的原稿中原无词题,后加为《重阳》,并调整了原稿的顺序,今之上阕原为下阕,今之下阕原为上阕。此词乃作者在上杭临江楼养病时所作。时值重阳,黄菊盛开,毛泽东目接秋光之丽与战场之景象,遂填词以写心。
\[人生易老天难老\]:人生有尽,天道无穷。李贺《金铜仙人辞汉歌》:“天若有情天亦老。”此反用其意。
\[重阳\]:农历九月九日为重阳节。《易》以阳爻为九,九九相叠,故名重阳,又称重九。杜甫《九日五首》之一:“重阳独酌杯中酒,抱病起坐江上台。”
\[黄花\]:依五行之律秋属金,金之色黄,而菊花秋日开放,故曰黄花。《礼记·月令》:“季秋之月,鞠有黄华。”古人重阳有饮酒赏菊之风俗。张翰《杂诗》:“黄花如散金。”李白《九日龙山歌》:“九日龙山饮,黄花笑逐臣。”初稿作“但看黄花不用伤”,改后更显从容气度。
|