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III---V Canada ---- The True North
一、知识点
1. It’s the second largest country in the world. 她是世界上面积第二大国家。
Huanghe River is the second longest river in our country. 黄河是我国第二大河。
2. How many students in your class got 80% or better on this quiz? 你们班有多少学生在这次测验中考到了80分或者更好一些
We will have a quiz tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨进行一个小测验。
He asked us to prepare for a quiz.他要我们准备好测验。
Then, the user will take the quiz.接着，用户将接受测试。
3. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机，决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
rather than 意思为“与其，不愿，不要，不是”,常用在 prefer to do rather than do句子中。
Rather than make money in this way,I prefer to starve to death.我宁愿饿死，也不愿用这种方式挣钱。
I will have sweet water rather than pure water.我想喝甜水，不想喝纯净水。
He was busy writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper.他正忙于写信而不是读报。
would rather 宁愿，宁可;not...but rather 不是……而是……
I suppose I could lend them to him,but I’d rather not.我想我是把它们借给他的，可是我不愿意借。
We’d rather you didn’t do it.我宁愿你不做这事情。
or rather 更确切地说
You have to be 16 for cheap tickets,or rather under 16.你必须16岁才买便宜票，更确切地说是不满16岁。
The committee does not deal with individual correspondence,but rather discusses issues in its newsletter.该委员会不是处理个人信件，而是在简报中讨论问题。
(1)The brave people in the village preferred to die rather than _____,and ____ encouraged others to fight more bravely in the anti-Japanese battlefield.
A.to give in;itB.to give in;whichC.give in;thisD.give in;which
答案：C
(2)I would rather ______ than ask him for his autograph.So I would rather he ______ here as soon as possible.
A.die;leaving B.died;leavingC.die;leave D.die;left
答案：D
(3)The man wearing glasses don’t teach the workers how to do it but learn from them.
= The man wearing glasses don’t teach the workers how to do it ______ ______ learn from them.
答案：but rather
all the way一路上，从远道而来，从头至尾，作状语。
4. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。
Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast. 有些人想在不到五天的时间里穿越加拿大，他们忘了加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5500公里。
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. 巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，这让表姐俩感到吃惊。
以上三句都是that 引导的同位语从句。同位语从句属于名词性从句的一种，其先行词多为名词possibility, fact, hope, thought, idea, belief, wish, news, message, reality等。要加强和定语从句的辨别。同位语从句里的that不做任何成分，没有任何意思。
cross vt.越过;穿过
She crossed the street with the blind children.她领着那些盲童穿过街道。
across prep.& adv. 横穿，穿过。上面的句子可以改为：She walked across（=crossed） the street with the blind children.
5. He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”. 他要带着她们和行李去乘坐“真北方”号列车。
baggage(=luggage)[美]行李 a piece of baggage 一件行李 hand/ accompanied baggage随身携带的小件行李
“Do you always catch such an early train?” asked the inspector.“你总是赶这样的早班车吗?”检查官问道。
You'll catch (a) cold if you don't put a sweater on. 你不穿上运动衫会感冒的。
The ball caught him on the head. 球打在了他的头上。
to catch a person's eye 引起某人的注意
I caught him doing it. 他做这事时被我撞见了。
Sorry, I didn't catch what you said. Could you please say it again? 对不起,我没听清楚你说的话,请你再讲一遍好吗?
6. On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.在去火车站的路上他聊起了她们的旅程。
He collapsed in the street and died on the way to hospital.他在大街上晕倒, 在送往医院途中死去.
On the way down , it got dark.下山的路上，天色渐黑。
She doesn't chat with her friends.她没有和朋友们聊天。
They dropped in for a chat last night.他们昨晚顺便来闲聊了一会儿。
7. You are going to see some great scenery. 你们将会看到美丽壮观的景色。
The scenery in the mountains is very beautiful. 山里的景色非常美。
I like mountain scenery very much. 我很喜欢山景。
a scene of prosperity一派繁荣景象
scenes in a mountain district 山区风光
8. People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 人们说她是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
The fence surrounds the school. 篱笆环绕着学校。
Joy and happiness surround you. 快乐幸福围绕你.
We are surrounded by dangers.我们的处境危机四伏。
The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙.
9. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。
10. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午，表姐妹俩等上火车，在座位上坐了下来。
After the war broke out they settled in Europe.战争爆发后，他们在欧洲定居。
There’s no way to settle the dispute.要解决争端没有办法。
The little bird settling in the branch is so beautiful that we take a picture of it.栖息在树枝上的小鸟如此美丽以至于我们拍了照。
常用短语有:settle in a place 定居某处;settle the bill 结账;settle the dispute 解决争端
完成句子
(1)The famous scientist with his whole family ______ ______ ______ (定居在中国) and decided to make a contribution to the motherland after new China was founded.
答案：settled in China
(2)Nowadays China is playing a more and more important role in ______ ______ ______ ______ (解决国际争端) successfully and was recognized by all the other countries in the world.
答案：settling the international disputes
11. … they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats … ……她们设法看到了山羊……
12. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
have a gift for sth.有……的天分，有……天赋
The man in black has a gift for drawing.穿黑衣的人有画画天赋。
Many people want to have a gift for making money.许多人想有赚钱的天赋。
gifted表示“有天赋的，有天资的”。如“多才多艺的人”用 a gifted man 和 a man of many gifts表示。
改错(1)Miss Black studies in Beijing University and she has a gift of music.
答案：of →for
(2)At seven o’clock this afternoon,we are going to the bus station to see an gifting woman off.
答案：gifting→gifted
(3) —Tom,can you tell me something about the teacher under the tree？—He is clever and a man of many gift.
答案：gift→gifts
13. After two days’ travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty. 两天以后，她们开始意识到加拿大人烟稀少。
14. …Canada’s population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country. ……加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿，但是现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。
15. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres. 她们穿过了一个种植小麦的省份，看到了数千平方公里的牧场。
16. …Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
17. In fact, it has one-third of the world’s total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.事实上，加拿大拥有全世界三分之一的淡水良，其中大部分都储蓄在五大湖泊里。
18. Why are they not flying directly to the Atlantic coast? 他们为什么不坐飞机直接到大西洋海岸?
directly opposite the church正好在教堂对面
You must go to bed directly after tea.你喝完茶后必须立刻就上床。
We came directly we got your telephone. 我们一接到你的电话就赶来了。
翻译：我们一干完就来。We'll come ___________.
We'll come directly we have finished.
19. a government member who is in charge of a government department 负责某个政府部门的政府成员。
in charge 主管, 负责, 掌管，在...管辖之下, 由...照顾，在拘留中
in charge of 负全责, 经管, 照顾，在...掌管之下, 由...经管
in the charge of sb. 由某人负责, 由某人照料[管理]
This ward is in [under]the charge of Dr Green. 这间病房是由格林大夫负责的。
Mary was in charge of the baby. 玛丽负责照料这个婴儿。
20. It has an area of 0.44square kilometres with a boarder measuring 3.2 kms long. 它的面积是0.44平方公里，边界线长是3.2公里。
In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school. 有些地区,设有小规模的学校为少数几个农民家庭服务,孩子们走着去上学。
The room measures five metres across. 这房间有五米宽。
The boat measures twenty feet long. 这船计二十英尺。
an area of 100 sq. meters 面积100平方米
A meter is a measure of length. 米是长度单位。
What measures shall we take to find out the thief? 我们采取什么措施抓住那个贼?
be measured in feet 用英尺量
Please measure me for a new coat. 请给我量尺寸, 做一件新上衣。
She works hard and doesn't measure the cost to her health. 她工作勤恳并不考虑身体代价。
21. mix up 使迷惑；弄错; 弄乱
It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的兄弟混淆起来是常有的事,因为他俩是双胞胎。
If you mix up those data we shan't find the one we need quickly. 要是你把这些资料弄乱,我们将无法迅速地找到需要的内容了。
22. …and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada
Please confirm your telephone message by writing to me. 请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。
confirm one's belief 坚定信念
23. around noon 大约中午 come around four 大约在4点钟来
There are around 80 pyramids in Egypt. 在埃及大约有80座金字塔。
24. wealthy 富有的，丰富的，
If we want everyone to be healthy, wealthy and happy,, strict birth control is quite essential. 如果我们想使每个人都能过健康|富裕和幸福的生活,就必须实行严格的计划生育。
wealthy in compassion. 感情丰富
25. In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from …在远处，他们能看到从……升起的雾霭。
in the distance 在远处,在很远的那边
His house is within walking distance of the hospital. 他家离医院只有几步路。
The distances between workers and peasants are reducing. 工农之间的差别正在缩小。
The sun rose at seven o'clock. 太阳七点钟升起。
Prices have risen steadily during the past decade. 过去十年间物价一直在上涨。
26. Over dinner at a restaurant …., the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who …在一家……餐馆用餐时， 表姐妹和林菲闲聊了起来，她……
Over 一边...一边; 在(做)...的时候
fall asleep over one's work工作时睡着了 talk over a cup of tea一面喝茶, 一面谈话
a chat over coffee. 喝着咖啡聊天
27. It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
as far as 远到, 直到, 至于, 尽；就；
As far as I know, he has gone to town. 就我所知，他到镇子上去了。
28. at dawn 拂晓时
29.English words in small letters 小字体的英文
30. be close to 接近, 靠近close有动词、形容词和副词的用法。
My close friend Jack always helps me when I am in trouble.我的挚友杰克在我困难时总是帮助我。
Please stand close to me and I want to have a word with you.请站得离我近些，我有话对你说。
Would you mind closing the door?关上门你介意吗？
另外，close与closely在副词用法上有区别，close多用来修饰由介词引导的短语，closely表示抽象的概念。而close常表达具体的概念，多修饰动词和过去分词。
We keep in touch with each other closely.我们保持密切联系。
31. on/to/in the north 在北部
Russia lies on the north of China.俄罗斯坐落在中国的北部.
China lies to the north of Vietnam.中国位于越南的北面。
Where is Dalian?It's in the north of China.大连在哪里？它在中国的北部。
32. across the continent/lake跨国大陆/湖泊
33. through the forests 穿过森林
34. along the coast/river 沿着海岸/河流
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