高三英语上学期联考试题
英 语 试 题
第Ⅰ卷(共115分)
第一部分 听 力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小 题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对 话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间往返答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What’s the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.They are host and guest.
B.They are waiter and customer.
C.They are husband and wife.
2.Where did this conversation take place?
A.At the hospital. B.At the airport. C.At the post office.
3.Why will the woman go to London?
A.To have a look at London.
B.To go with her friend.
C.To spend the weekend.
4.What’s the woman’s job?
A.She is a saleswoman. B.She is a waitress. C.She is a hotel clerk.
5.What will the weather be like?
A.It’s going to snow. B.It’s going to rain. C.It’s hot.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至第8小题
6.Why was Paul angry with Jane?
A.She told the others about his salary.
B.She told Mrs. Wallace his salary.
C.She always talks to everybody.
7.Why did Jane tell Mrs. Wallace the mews according to her own explanation?
A.Because she thought it doesn’t matter.
B.Because she knew everybody would know at last
C.Because she got too excited and wasn’t thinking
8.What does Paul mean by “Everyone in this town got a big nose”?
A.People in this town have big noses.
B.People in this town are always eager to know about others’ things.
C.People don’t care about each other.
听第7段材料,回答第9至第11小题
9.What is the man reading?
A.A magazine. B.A Chinese play. C.A newspaper.
10.Where are they going at the weekend?
A.Beijing Theater. B.Beihai Park. C.Beihai Cinema.
11.What are they going there for?
A.For a visit B.To see Beijing Opera. C.To learn Beijing Opera.
听第8段材料,回答第12至第14小题
12.Why didn’t Mike take an examination yesterday?
A.Because he didn’t want to do so.
B.Because he got sick.
C.Because he got the examination date wrong.
13.What did the professor permit Mike to do?
A.Have all examinations at home.
B.Have an exam next term
C.Have an exam sometime later when he got better.
14.Why didn’t Mike drive his car?
A.Because the doctor told him not to.
B.Because he liked taking a walk.
C.Because he didn’t think he was able to.
听第9段材料,回答第15至第17小题
15.What does Rogers mean in this conversation?
A.Tom’s boss. B.Tom’s teacher. C.Tom’s friend.
16.What does Tom tell his mother in yesterday’s letter?
A.He had made a new discovery.
B.He had lost his new job.
C.He had just bought a car.
17.Why does Tom tell his mother about his job?
A.Because he doesn’t want her to worry about his job.
B.Because he doesn’t want her to worry about his life.
C.Because he doesn’t want her to worry about his marriage.
听第10段材料,回答第18至第20小题
18.Where did the fire probably start?
A.On the first floor. B.On the second floor. C.On the third floor.
19.When was the building built?
A.In 1930. B.In 1782. C.In 1718.
20.What was the building used as at the time of the fire?
A.The old people’s home. B.A hotel. C.A history museum.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.Of all the subjects, I like history the best because it gives us useful knowledge of things in the past.
A.the; a B./; a C.a; the D.a; /
22.—What were you up to when your parents came in?
—I for a while and some reading.
A.was playing; was going to do B.played; did
C.had played; was going to do D.had played; did
23.I suggested that the cheat into prison.
A.referred to being put B.referred be put
C.referred to be put D.referred should be put
24.There is a remarkable difference between the short poems that were written in English around the year 1500 and written around 1600.
A.that B.one C.ones D.those
25.I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.
A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realized
26.One of the advantages of living on the top floor is that you can get a good .
A.sight B.scene C.view D.look
27.The project by the end of 2009 will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 2,000,000 users.
A.being accomplished B.to be accomplished
C.accomplished D.having been accomplished
28.He was always the last to leave in order to clean up the workroom and the tools.
A.put away B.take away C.push aside D.look after
29.—Now, where is my purse?
— ! We’ll be late for the picnic.
A.Take your time B.Don’t worry C.Come on D.Take it easy
30.Experience is believing. If you’d like to know what it like to be a soldier in World War II,
the game “Brothers in Arms: Roads to Hill 30”.
A.would be; try B.was; try C.would be; trying D.was; trying
31. , the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.
A.Instead of being disabled B.To be disabled
C.Disabled as they are D.In case of being disabled
32.It’s reported that the price of that building, which you were looking forward to buying, has risen
a further 600 Yuan a square meter.
A.at B.by C.with D.for
33.It is the test system, the teachers, that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students.
A.rather than B.or rather C.other than D.more than
34.My deskmate, Chen Qing has been guaranteed to Zhejiang University, learning French, , of course, made the others envy her.
A.what B.that C.who D.which
35.Many volunteers rushed to Sichuan they heard that a serious earthquake had just hit that area.
A.at the moment B.for the moment C.the moment D.in a moment
第二节 完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,把握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
I believe in my mother, My belief began when I was just a kid, 36 I dreamed of becoming a doctor.
My mother was a __37__. Through her work, she observed that ___38__ people spent a lot more time __39__ than they did watching television. She __40 __ that my brother and I could only watch two or three pre-selected TV programs during the week. In our free time, we had to read two books each time from the Detroit Public Library and__41__ written book reports to her. She would mark them up with check marks and underline the important ___42__. Years later we realized her marks were a___43_. My mother was illiterate (不识字的). Although we had no money, between the covers of those books, I could go anywhere, do anything and be __44__.
When I entered high school I was an A-student, ___45__ not for long. I wanted fancy clothes. I wanted to hang about with the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student to a C-student, but I didn’t __46__. I was cool.
One night my mother came home from her jobs and I ___47_ about not having enough Italian knit shirts. She said, “Okay, I’ll give you all the money I make this week by scrubbing floors and ___48__ bathrooms, and you can buy the family food and pay the bills. With everything left over, you can have all that you want. ” I was very __49___ with that arrangement but__50__ I got through allocating (支配)the money, there was nothing left. I realized my mother was a financial genius to be able to keep a __51 __ over our heads and any kind of food on the table, but much less buy clothes. I also __52__ that immediate satisfaction wasn’t going to get me anywhere. Success __53__ intellectual preparation. I went back to my studies and became an A-student ___54___, and eventually I fulfilled my dream and I became a __55__.
36.A.where B.which C.when D.who
37.A.maidservant B.teacher C.worker D.nurse
38.A.healthy B.successful C.powerful D.clever
39.A.searching B.reading C.working D.training
40.A.ordered B.promised C.suggested D.announced
41.A.hand in B.turn over C.pick up D.write down
42.A.titles B.ideas C.books D.parts
43.A.game B.trick C.pleasure D.task
44.A.anybody B.nobody C.somebody D.everybody
45.A.and B.so C.but D.or
46.A.know B.care C.face D.stop
47.A.thought B.chatted C.complained D.worried
48.A.repairing B.cleaning C.rubbing D.watching
49.A.encouraged B.puzzled C.moved D.pleased
50.A.as soon as B.if C.once D.since
51.A.wall B.house C.window D.roof
52.A.realized B.imagined C.believed D.noticed
53.A.suited B.required C.made D.matched
54.A.even B.forever C.before D.again
55.A.professor B.expert C.doctor D.boss
第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
On May 8, last Thursday morning, the Olympic flame was lit on the top of Mount Qomolangma! It was a historic moment for China exactly three months ahead of the Beijing Games.
Tibetan female climber Cering Wangmo reached the summit with a special extreme-altitude Olympic torch. This event is what China has promised to the world as the high point of the torch relay, the longest and most challenging of all time.
Five torchbearers(火炬手) finished the highest relay ever—three of the climbers are Tibetan athletes.
Team members said “Beijing welcomes you!” in Chinese, English and Tibetan, as they stood at the summit celebrating, with the event broadcast on national television.
“I finally fulfilled the last dream of my husband,” said Gyigyi with tears in her eyes. She was the first torchbearer. Her husband lost his life in an attempt to climb all 14 mountains in China more than 8,000 meters three years ago.
“We are on top of the world! One world, one dream,” shouted Nima Cering, at the top of his voice. He said that although he had climbed the peak(峰顶)several times, this was the most significant ascent(登高). “As a Tibetan and a Chinese I pray for the success of Beijing 2008,” he added.
The special torch is different from the one currently touring the Chinese mainland, after an around-the-world relay. Officials organizing the trek up the peak had earlier set an April 26 target to begin the ascent, but high winds and heavy snow had delayed the mission.
The Xinhua News Agency said that the Qomolangma leg of the torch relay represents the Olympic motto, “higher, faster and stronger,” in practice and will promote unity among all 56 ethnic groups in China.
56.It was a historic moment because ______.
A.some Tibetan torchbearers took part in the torch relay
B.the Olympic flame was lit three months before the Olympic Games were held
C.the Olympic flame was lit on the top of Mount Qomolangma for the first time
D.the torch relay was the longest attempt in history
57.Which is RIGHT according to the whole passage?
A.All the five torchbearers are men.
B.Only the five torchbearers reached the summit.
C.Team members said “Beijing welcomes you!” in their native language.
D.At least two of the five torchbearers are females.
58.What does the word “leg” underlined in the last paragraph refer to?
A.one part of a journey or race
B.one of the long parts that connect the feet to the rest of the body
C.the leg of an animal, especially the top part, cooked and eaten
D.the part of a pair of trousers that covers the leg
59.What would be the best title for the text?
A.One world, one dream
B.Relay reaches its highest point
C.Qomolangma, the highest summit in the world
D.The special torch and the brave torchbearers
60.Where can you read about this passage?
A.In the English textbook. B.In the newspaper.
C.In the science report. D.On the street wall.
B
Now, it’s time for some brief news items.
Teens Go Online
Some 13 million European children under 18 use the Internet for schoolwork, games and music according to research done by Nielsen’s “Net-rating”. The study covered Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Experts advised parents to limit the time their kids spend on line and keep them away from chat rooms.
Chat to the magic Mum
British author J. K. Rowling, mother of magic boy Harry Potter, will do an Internet interview about her new book “Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince” on June 26. Before the event, children are invited to send their questions about Harry to the website. The book will hit stores in the US and UK on June 21 and will arrive in China in August.
School Soldiers
Russian school students will have to do basic military training in their final year of school, the government has decided. The lesson will include learning to fire guns, marching drills and how to deal with a chemical, nuclear or biological attack. The activity is seen as part of a drive toward the education of their love for their country.
Is it hard for you to get up early and get ready for classes? Some students at Winter Park High School just roll out of bed in their pajamas (睡衣) and go to class in their own bedrooms, Of course, their teachers and classmates do not see them because all their class work is on the computer. The Florida High School, the state’s only online school, has 250 students who are taking classes at home by computer. Students in this first online program take classes in algebra (代数), American government, chemistry, computer, economics, and web-page design. They also have to go to regular school to attend other classes.
61.What is the second news item mainly about?
A.Children will meet Harry Potter’s mother.
B.J. K. Rowling will have an Internet interview.
C.The Harry Potter book will be available on the Internet.
D.The Harry Potter book will arrive in China in early June.
62.Why will Russian school students have basic military training?
A.To get ready for a military parade.
B.To learn to protect themselves.
C.To gain some military knowledge.
D.To develop their love for the country.
63.The news from Florida can be given a title “____________”.
A.Get up Late B.No Teachers
C.Magical Computers D.Online School
C
Scientists now know that people are born with a general tendency toward a certain level of happiness, and that they tend to maintain that mood in their day-to-day lives.
About half of a person’s “happiness quotient (份额)” comes from the personality he or she is born with. So, what about the other half of the happiness quotient? About 10 percent of that quotient depends on outside circumstances, such as how much money people make or how healthy they are. The remaining 40 percent, says psychologist and happiness researcher Sonja Lyubomirsky of the University of California, is entirely up to themselves.
In one recent study, she and her colleagues assigned more than 300 college students to complete one of three activities. For 15 minutes a week over 8 weeks, the first group of these students wrote about what their lives would be like in the future if all their hopes and dreams came true. The second group spent the same amount of time writing letters to people who had done things in the past that the letter writers were grateful for. The third group of students simply listed everything they had done in the past seven days.
The purpose of this experiment was to find out whether expressing optimism about the future or gratitude for the past could make a person happier.
Results backed previous research, which had shown that expressing optimism and gratitude led to an improved sense of well-being.
In other words, only people who really wanted to be happier were able to make that happen.
64.According to the passage, how many factors are there in deciding people’s happiness?
A.Three. B.One. C.Four. D.Five.
65.Which group of the students need imagination in the experiment?
A.The second group. B.The third group.
C.The first and third groups. D.The first group.
66.According to the text, if you want to be happier, you should _____________.
A.laugh when you were born
B.try to make more money and improve your health condition
C.imagine what your life would be like in the future and write to people who have done things for you every day.
D.be optimistic about the future and grateful for the past
67.The writer of the passage intends to tell us that _____________.
A.happiness is mostly decided by your birth
B.optimism and gratitude equal happiness
C.happiness can be decided by yourself
D.happiness decides your success
D
The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to present all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on earth.
An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if, in his word, “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above 0ºC. The seeds will be protected behind concrete walls a meter thick and high-security door.
The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present al the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0ºC. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.
Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world’s most secure gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason. Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s. But security concerns delayed the plan.
68.The project is meant to ______.
A.increase the world’s food output in the future
B.carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes
C.protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters
D.build an exhibition centre of the world’s plant seeds
69.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?
A.The government of Norway will perform the project alone.
B.Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousands years ago.
C.Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the threat unclear war forever.
D.Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.
70.We can infer from the text that _______.
A.People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year.
B.The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture
C.Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 20 years before.
D.There haven’t been any seed storage centres in the world before.
71.What is probably the best title of the passage?
A.The Best Place to Store Seeds
B.Noah’s Ark(诺亚方舟)of Plant Seeds in Plan
C.Concerns of World Food Supply
D.A New Way to Feed the World
E
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects personal emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly “political” artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May,1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy.
72.We learn from the first paragraph that .
A.history class concentrates on religious beliefs and emotion
B.history books focus on personal emotions and opinions
C.art history shows us something about emotions and beliefs
D.art history shows us nothing but the political values
73.According to the passage, it is true that .
A.history teachers must be quite subjective
B.artists paint people from the Bible to show their political beliefs
C.you can hardly find animal and human images in Islamic paintings
D.painters in Europe only painted Bible stories for centuries
74.Francisco Goya and his painting are used as an example to show .
A.art is subjective, which is different from history books
B.Spanish government abused its power over people
C.in history books, facts about politics are given
D.Francisco Goya was the first“political” artist
75.The text mainly discusses .
A.the development of art history
B.what can we learn from art
C.the influence of art history
D.the difference between general history and art history
第Ⅱ卷(35分)
第四部分:(共2节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判定:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误,(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
该行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉.
该行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词.
该行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正的词.
注重:原行没有错的不要改.
As the population of the world keeps on grow, it gets 76.
more and more difficult feed everyone. The United 77.
States is one of the lucky countries so it grows 78.
enough food for itself and still has enough to export
to another parts of the world. 79.
One reason for this is why the United States 80.
is a large country with different kind of climate. 81.
Most of the central part of the country is especial fit 82.
for growing grain. Wheat and corn are
the most important crops in this district. The Untied 83.
States exports millions tons of grain every year. 84.
Wheat is used to make bread, a basic food throughout in 85.
the world. Most of the corn is used to feed animals, which in turn become food themselves.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是贫困地区的一名失学儿童,名叫李华 。你很幸运地得到北京工作的一位美国人Mr. Smith 的帮助,得以重新回到校园继续学习。于是你于2008年10月25日用英语给Mr. Smith写一封信,向他表示感谢,并介绍你的学习情况。(词数:100左右)
信中内容包括:
1.收到书和钱,已重返校园,对此表示感谢;
2.在教师的帮助下取得了很大的进步;
3.老师表扬了你,家长鼓励你;
4.下决心更加努力学习,取得更大进步;
5.盼望见到Mr. Smith,但因没有机会去北京,希望他给你寄张照片。
参考答案
1—5BACCA 6—10BCBCB 11—15BBCCA 16—20CBCCA
21—25BCCDD 26—30CBACB 31—35CBADC 36—40CABBA
41—45ADBAC 46—50BCBDC 51—55DABDC 56—60CDABB
61—65BDDAD 66—70DCCDC 71—75BCCAD
短文改错:
76.growing
77.to
78.because
79.other
80.that
81.kinds
82.especially
83.√
84.of
85.去掉in
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
Oct. 25,2008
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m glad to have received your money and books. Now, I can go to school again. I’m very happy. Thank you every much!
I have been studying hard since I accepted your gifts. I have made great progress in my study. Our teachers have praised me for it. And my parents have encouraged me to work harder. I have made up my mind to do so and make even greater progress with the help of the teachers.
I’m looking forward to seeing you, but I have no chance to go to Beijing. Could you send me one of your photos to me? Thank you !
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
听力原文:
Text 1
W: I think I’ll have the duck, please.
M: I’m very sorry, Madam, I’m afraid there isn’t any left.
Text 2
W: Excuse me, visiting hours are over. It’s time for you to leave.
M: I’m sorry, I didn’t know the time or I would have left earlier.
Text 3
M: Are you going to London next weekend?
W: Yes, I will visit a friend of mine I am there.
Text 4
M: I want a single room with a bath, what’s the rate?
W: It’s 25 a day. Your room number is 213. It is on the second floor. Here is your key.
Text 5
M: You’d better take your coat with you. It looks like it’s going to snow.
W: You may be right. Thank you for mentioning this.
Text 6
M: Aw, Jane! What did you have to go and do that for?
W: Do what?
M: You know what I am talking about. Why did you go and tell Mrs. Wallace how much money I am going to make? Now she will go and tell the whole world!
W: Well, I am sorry, Paul.
M: Yeah, but you know she talks to everybody and their brothers.
W: Well, I apologize. I guess I wasn’t thinking. I got all excited.
M: Oh, well, it’s done now. I guess it doesn’t matter that much, anyway. They will know in the end. Everyone in this town got a big nose.
W: You know, it is really a lot of money for a first job…
Text 7
M: Susan, Please pass me a copy of China Daily.
W: Here you are.
M: I want to find what’s on this weekend.
W: Is there anything good on?
M: The Beijing Opera is showing on Saturday evening. Do you like Beijing Opera?
W: Oh, yes. Very much. When and where will it be?
M: At 7:30 in Beihai Park.
W: Let’s go and see it, OK?
M: Good idea!
Text 8
W: Where were you yesterday?
M: I was at home asleep.
W: Asleep! I thought that you had to take an exam.
M: I was sick. I had a fever. I couldn’t get out of bed.
W: You still look a little sick. You could go back to bed.
M: I’m going now. I just came here to speak to my professor.
W: What did he tell you?
M: He said that I’d be able to take a make-up.
W: Well, that’s all right then. Are you going straight home?
M: I have to stop at the drugstore on the way. I need some aspirin.
W: Do you think that you should walk that far?
M: I have to walk. I didn’t bring my car. I didn’t think I’d be able to drive today.
W: Well, take care of yourself.
M: OK. Thanks.
Text 9
W: What are you doing, Tom?
M: I’m writing to my mother.
W: But you wrote to her only yesterday.
M: Yes, but I have something new to tell her.
W: Something new?
M: Yes. I am telling her I’ve decided to take up a part-time job as a shop assistant.
W: What do you mean? You’ve been working at one nearly three months. Have you been fired by Rogers?
M: No. My mother doesn’t know I have a part-time job.
W: You mean you didn’t tell her before?
M: No. I didn’t want her to worry about my study.
W: But why are you telling her now?
M: I don’t want her to worry about my life here. You see, I told her that I’d just bought a car in my letter.
Text 10
Now, here is news
An early morning fire damaged the Historic Geller House today. It destroyed the third floor of the building, but fire-fighters saved the first and the second floors. There were a few elderly people living in the building at the time and they were carried to safety. The Geller House was built in 1718, and was used as a hotel for over 150 years. George Washington stayed here in 1782. The Geller’s owned the house until 1930’s. Then they sold it to the Mill’s family. Five years ago, it was made into a building for the elderly. Several fire departments were called to the scene. When we asked Fire Chief Andrew Barnes how the fire started, he answered that most likely a burning cigarette caused it. Chief Barnes promised a further investigation into the cause.
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