高三英语复习教案（11）
（SB2-units21-22）
•一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
memory, marry, single, square, otherwise, perform, wedding, musical, generation, nowadays, passer-by, pattern, thought, gay, be familiar with, learn by heart, in praise of, earn one’s living, pass down, in praise of, pass on, at a time, cruel, eager, disturb, mental, fortune, arrival, prisoner, attend, in public, sentence…to death, a good deed, in peace, fall in love with, make sure of, suffer from, light a fire, let…in, call for help, be pleased at ,for no good reason

2.句型
   (1)They usually write exact instructions on how the music is to be played.
(2)On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago.
(3)This was at a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema.
(4)Dr Manette had been put into prison so that he could keep silent over this matter.
(5)Although Lucy married Charles, Sydney promised her that he would always do anything he could for her to make sure of her happiness.
3.语法
（1）v.-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语
（2）v.-ing形式作定语和状语
4.交际用语
(1)I think at the beginning we’d rather have…
(2)I’d rather have…to start.
(3)You must have been…
(4)She can’t have been…
(5)She may/might have done…
二、考点精析与拓展Ñ
1.whisper
whisper可用作名词或动词，意为“低语，私语”。如：whisper to sb.对某人耳语；whisper about sth./sb.小声议论某事/人；whisper sth. to sb.低声告诉某人某事；in a whisper低声地；It’s whishpered that…私下说……。
对比：say to sb.对某人说；speak to sb.和某人说话；talk to sb.和某人说话；explain to sb.对某人解释说；lie to sb.对某人撒谎说。
[应用]完成句子
①老师低声给孩子们讲了个故事。
The teacher_________ a story to the children./The teacher told the children a story ___________ ____________ _____________.
②有人私下说史密斯先生的生意在衰败。
________ _________ _________ that Mr Smith’s business is falling.
Key:①Whispered/in,a, whisper
②It,is, whispered
2.pass 短语归纳
pass sth.down把某物一代一代传下去；pass sth.on将某物传、交给某人；pass away逝世； pass by路过，忽视；pass sb. sth./pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人；pass the exam/test/law通过考试/测验/法律
注意：past是介词“过，经过”或名词“过去”；passed是pass的过去式和过去分词。如：
half past six六点半；in the past few years在过去的几年里；Two weeks passed.两周的时间过去了。He walked past the gate.他从大门口走过。
[应用]完成句子
①去年他母亲去世了。
His mother _________ __________ last year.
②这戒指是我家传来来的。
This ring_________ __________ _________ __________in my family.
③那本书你看完了给我。
__________the book_________ ________me when you’ve finished it.
④那个年轻人听到这个消息，由于震惊昏了过去。
When the young man heard the news. he________ _________with the shock.
Key:①passed, away    ②has, been, passed, down
③Pass, on, to        ④passed, out
3.perform, performance
perform 是动词“履行，表演”，而performance是名词“表演，演出”。如:perform a task/an operation/one’s duties/a play/a part做工作/做手术/尽责任/上演一出戏/演一个角色；perform to sb.对某人表演；give a performance演出；
对比：act/play a part扮演角色；put on a play上演一出戏
[应用]完成句子
①他们总是很耐心地做实验
They always________their experiments_________great patience.
②今晚演出什么戏？
What play_______ _______ _______tonight?
③这位歌唱家以前从未在北京演唱过。
The singer has never________in Beijing_______.
Key:①perform,with
②will,be,performed
③performed,before
4.be familiar with,be familiar to
be familiar with的主语是有生命的事，意为“某人对人、事熟悉”；be familiar to 的主语是无生命的事物，意为“某人/事为某人所熟悉”，对比:He is very familiar with the names of plants in English.他很熟悉植物的英语名称。Suzhou and Hangzhou are familiar to many foreigners.苏州和杭州为许多外国人所熟悉。
I’m not familiar with European history./European history is not familiar to me.我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。
注意：be familiar with/to   还表示“精通、通晓”
如：French is as familiar to him as English.
他对法语就象对英语一样精通。
[应用] 一句多译
①这些事实是每个学生都熟悉的。
②她精通4种语言。
Key:
①These facts are familiar to every schoolboy./Every shoolboy is familiar with these facts.
②She is familiar with four languages./Four languages are familiar to her.
5.表示“宁愿、想要某人做某事”
下列句型均可表示“宁愿、想让某人作某事”：would like sb.to do sth.;would prefer sb.to do sth.;like sb.to do sth;want sb.to do sth.;would rather that sb.did sth.
对比：would like/love to do sth.喜欢、宁愿做某事；prefer to do sth.宁愿做；would rather do sth.宁愿做；would like/love not to do sth.不想做；would rather not do sth.宁愿不做……；prefer not to do sth.不想做；would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事；p11refer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事。
[应用]
①一句多译
我想让我儿子学医。
②选择正确的答案
Little Jim should love_______to the theatre this evening.
 (MET’92)
A.to be taken          B.to take
C.being taken          D.taking
Key:
① I would like my son to study medicine./I’d love my son to
study medicine,/ I would rather that my son studied medicine./ I like my son to study medicine./I want my son to study medicine./I would rather that my son studied medicine.
②A
6.earn, gain, win ,get
四个词均有“得到”之意，但earn指经过艰苦努力所得到的报偿，意为“赚得”；gain指作出很大努力而“获得”，所得东西常有一定价值；get是普通词，指不一定需要努力就能“得到”；win意为“赢得”，含有取胜一方具有优越条件而能克服障碍之意。这四个词有时可通用。
[应用]英译汉
①earn much money/a prize/one’s living
②gain a victory/experience/the first prize/ten dollars/a living/success/the battle/a doctor’s degree
③get one’s help/full marks
Key: ①挣得很多钱/获奖/谋生
②获胜/取得经验/获得一等奖/赚10美元/谋生/获得成功/赢得战斗/获博士学位
③得到某人的帮助/得满分

7.single, not a single
single是形容词，有“单一的，单个的，单身的，唯一的”意义；not a single表示“一个也没有”，起强调作用，位于句首时引起倒装。如：remain single尚未成婚；the single person唯一的人；a single bed/ticket/man/room单人床/单程票/独身男子/单人房间
He didn’t make a single mistake in the exam./Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.他在考试中没出一处错误。
[应用]汉译英

①今天上午这个商店里一个人也没有。
②他是能帮助我们的唯一的人。
Key: ①Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.
②He’s the single person that can help us.
8.in+名词+of
in praise of为……颂扬、歌颂；in honour of 为纪念，为了向某人表示敬意；in memory of为了怀念；in favour of赞同，支持；in place of 代替；in charge of负责；in search of寻找；in need of 需要。
注意：上述短语多用作表语、状语或定语。
[应用]完成句子，句意不变
①This is a book which sings high praise for pioneers.
This is a book ________ ________ ________ pioneers.
②They startd off at once to look for the missing girl.
They started off at once________ ______ _______the missing girl.
③We all agree to your plan.
We are all ______ ________ ______your plan.
④We usr plastics instead of wood or metal.
We use plastics_______ ________ ________ wood or metal.
Key:①in, praise, of            ②in, search, of    
③in, favour, of            ④in, place, of
9.praise短语归纳
praise可用作名词或动词，均表示“赞扬，表扬”。如：sing high praise for高度赞扬；praise sb. for因……而赞扬其人；receive praise from sb.得到某人的称赞；win high praise受到高度赞扬；give praise to sb.表扬某人。
[应用]完成句子
①校长高度赞扬了他的勇敢行为。
The headmaster_________ _________ ________ ________his brave deed.
②他经常帮助别人，因而得到同学们的赞扬。
He often helps others, so he __________ __________ _________his classmates.
Key: ①sang, high, praise, for      ②receives praise, from
10.one…the other, some…others
one…the other相当于one…one,表示两者中的“一个。另一个”；some…others表示许多中的“一些，另外一些”；some…the others表示“一些，其余所有的”。对比：
He has two companise. One is in China and the other is in the States.
他有两家公司，一家在中国，另一家在美国。
In winter, some birds will fly away, and others wills stay here.冬天，一些鸟飞走了，另外一些留了下来。
Some stamps are new, and the others are all ones.
有些邮票是新的，其余全是用过的。
[应用]选择正确答案。
①Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _______like to go to the cinema.(NMET’85)
A.another        B.other      C.others       D.other one
②Of the three foreign guests, one is from London,_________two are from New York.(80年高考)
key:①C    ②B
11.suffer
    ①用作及物动词，意为“遭受，蒙受，受到，忍受”。如：suffer loss/pain/punishment/defeat/wrong/hardship/discouragement/disappointment/unfair/treatment/hunger遭受损失/疼痛/遭到惩罚/遭到失败/受到冤枉/忍受艰难/失去勇气/灰心丧气/受到不公正对待/挨饿。
②用作不及物动词，意为“受痛苦、受损失，折磨，受惩罚”，与from搭配。如:suffer from headache/loss of memory/bad health患头疼/患有遗忘症/身体不好；suffer a lot from a strange illness因怪病吃了不少苦。
[应用]汉译英
①那个城市因地震而遭到严重破坏。
②他们在战争中遭受了巨大痛苦。
Key: ①The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake.
②They suffered a great deal in the war.
12.way(s)后的定语从句
修饰way(s)(方法，方式)的定语从句其关系词可以用in which,that也可省略关系词，但不能直接使用which.如：I feel angry about the way(that)he has treated me./I feel angry about the way in which he has treated me.我对他对待我的方式感到生气。
对比：He found a way that/which led to success.(way在从句中作主语) 他找到了一条通往成功的路。
[应用]单句改错
①I don’t like the way which you laugh at her.
②They didn’t to the experiment the way in that we do now.
key:①在which前加in或改which为that
②改that为which或去掉in
13.reason
for this/that reason因为这个/那个原因：for no good reason没有正当的理由；for a simple reason因为一个很简单的原因；for some political reasons因为政治原因；for the reason of health由于健康原因；give a reason提供理由。
注意：reason词后的表语从句用that引导，定语从句多用why引导，偶尔用which引导。
[应用]用适当的连词填空
①His reason for being late was________he missed the bus.
②The reason__________he didn’t come to school was that he was ill.
③The doctor gave  reason________ couldn’t explain the failure of the operation.
Key :①that   ②why     ③which/that
14.disturb,interrupt
disturb有“打扰，扰乱，使（人）心神不宁”之意。如：disturb the sleeping child/one’s plan/the piblic peace 打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会治安；be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响；be disturbed about 对……感到不妥。
对比：interrupt 有“打断，打扰”之意，侧重打断。如：Don’t interrupt me while I’m busy.我忙的时候不要打扰我。
[应用]完成句子
①她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不安。
She was________ ________ her mother’s sudden illness./She
was________ _______hear of her mother’s sudden illness./She was________ ________ the news of her mother’s sudden illness.
②不要打断那位演讲者，他讲完再问你的问题。
Don’t _________ the speaker;ask your question after the meeting.
Key:①disturbed, about/disturbed,to/disturbed, by 
②interrupt
15.at, with, through表原因
三个介词都可表示原因，at表示听到或看到的原因；with表示人体外部的原因；through 强调自身的原因。如：be sad at the news听了这个消息而悲伤；be frightened at the sight看了那个情景而害怕；jump up with joy高兴地跳了起来；turn red with anger气得脸红；shake with cold/fear冻得/害怕得发抖；with pleasure高兴地；with pride 骄傲地；with satisfaction满意地；make the mistake through his carelessness由于粗心而出错；be put into prison through no fault of his own 没有任何罪过被关进监狱。

[应用]汉译英
①听到这个消息，全国人民处于悲哀之中。
②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。
③由于大意他犯了这个错误。
Key:①At the news, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
②The children jumped up with joy.
③He made the mistake through his carelessness.
16.take up, take down
    ①take up arms/guns/knives/Japanese/too much room/the whole

day/the cry/the song拿起武器/拿起枪/拿起刀子/开始学日语/占太多的空间/占了整整一天的时间/喊起来/唱起来。
②take down the old picture /what he said取下旧画/记录下他说的话。
[应用]完成句子
①他20岁时开始写作。
He _________ _________ _________at the age of twenty.
②会议占了整个上午的时间。
The meeting_________ _________the whole morning.
Key:①took, up ,writing      ②took, up
17.sentence 短语归纳
sentence用作名词或动词，有“宣判，判决”之意。如:pass sentence on sb.判某人的刑；announce sentence on sb.宣布对某人的判决；serve one’s sentence服刑；be sentenced to hard labour被判服苦役；be sentenced to six months in prisom被判处六个月监禁；be under the sentence of death/be sentenced to death被判处死刑；have sb. sentenced to death判某人死刑；sentence sb. to death判某人死刑；receive a sentence of two years 被判两年徒刑。
[应用]完成句子
①一个凶手被判三年徒刑，另一个被判处死刑。
One murderer was______ ______ three years in prison and the other was sentenced_______ _________ .
②那小偷被判5年监禁。
The thief_______a sentence _______ 5 years in prison.
Key:①sentenced, to, to, death        ②received, of
三、精典名题导解a
题1  （NMET  2001）
The Parkers bought  a new house but_________will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A.they         B.it          C.one         D.which
分析：B。该题考查代词用法。做题的关键是弄清but引导的并列分句中作主语的代词究意是用来代表替前一个分句主语The Parkers还是宾语a new house.。由空白后will need a lot of work before they can move in 的语境可以确定，此空的代词是用来代替a new house。it和one 都可以代替前文提过的单数可数名词，以避免重复，但it表特定之物,one表泛指之物，故最佳答案为B。
题2  _________is good form of exercise for both young and old.
A.The walk      B.walking      C.To walk      D.Walk
分析：B。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。辨别名词作主语，不定式作主语和动名词作主语的区别。a/ the walk作名词用时，是指某一次的散步，不定式指具体的动作，动名词则是指抽象、一般意义的概念。
题3  I can’t drive this tractor because I’m not familiar________ the controls.
A.to        B.with         C.for          D.in
分析：B。sb. be familiar with sth.某人对某事熟悉
sth. be familiar to sb.某事对于某人熟悉
题4  Jessica is going to ________ a pretty office girl.
A.marry    B.get married   C.marry to     D.marry with
分析：A。marry一词为及物动词，sb. marry sb.某人与某人结婚，sb. be(get) married to sb.某人嫁给某人。后一句型强调状态，可以与线性时间状语连用。此句题干中有girl，正确答案为A。
题5  As far as I know, there are altogether four basic _________ of blood.
A.kinds      B.sorts        C.types        D.packs   
分析：C。kind和sort是种类意思，type为型号的意思。
题6  （NMET  1998）
—I stayed at hotel while in NewYork.
—Oh, did you?You________ with Barbara.
A.could have stayed                B.could stay
C.would stay                      D.must have stayed
分析：A。从did you? 可知，对话前并不知“Barbara在纽约期间是待在旅馆里的”，根据这一事实故不能选D。因对过去事情，所以不能选B和C。
题7  （NMET  2001）
We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______ very well.
A.worked out      B.tried out        C.went on       D.carried on
分析：A。该题考查根据语境选择适当的短语动词的能力。四个选项均为短语动词，但所表达的意义不同：work out制定，计算出，进行情况良好，得到圆满解决，（情况）发展得（进行得）……；try out试验，试用；go on 继续，进行；carry on继续下去，开展，从事。此题干扰最大的是C和D项，其实go on与carry on为同义词组，均为continue之意，强调“继续”、“持续”。work out 强调“（势态）发展的结果”，在此处作“（情况）发展得……”解。根据主句We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that的语境及but所表示的转折意义判断，最佳答案为A。
题8  There are a lot of peasants ________ in the rice fields.
A.who works     B.who worked       C.work      D.working
分析：D。peasant之后是一个定语成分，可以是定语从句，也可以是一个分词短语。A、B 两项虽是定语从句，但结构和时态明显错误，所以只能选D。
题9  The old man walked in the street_________ by his son.
A.following     B.followed      C.to follow      D.follow
分析：B。从by his son可以看出the old man被跟随，所以选择B。
 Unit 17-Unit 18

知识梳理

Ⅰ.网络构建

Ⅱ.重点精讲

●重点单词

1.assist

例句集锦

vt.

He often assists me financially.

他常在经济上帮助我。

Good glasses assist your eyes.

好眼镜有助于你的眼睛。

She assisted her sister with her lesson.

她帮助妹妹做功课。

vi.

She assisted in doing his homework.

她帮他做功课。

He will assist with the tuition fees.

他愿意帮助付学费。

n.

The girl finished her homework without an assist from her mother.

那个女孩没有母亲协助就做完了她的功课。

用法归纳

*assist有如下用法：（1）＋宾语；（2）＋宾语＋介词＋（代）名词；（3）＋宾语＋副词（短语）；（4）＋宾语＋to do。

特别提示

用作不及物动词时常与介词in和with搭配。

2.impair

例句集锦

vt.

Poor food impaired his health.

营养不足的食物损害了他的健康。

Don’t boil the sauce as this and impair the flavor.

酱汁还要煮沸，否则会影响味道。

adj. impaired 受损的；变差的

TV reception may be impaired in some areas.

某些地区电视的接收效果可能会受到影响。

3．adjust

例句集锦

vt.

He adjusted his tie in a mirror.

他照镜子调整领带。

Can you adjust colour on a TV?

你会调整电视的色彩吗？

adjust a radio 调节收音机

He adjusted the telescope to his eye.

他调好望远镜以适合眼睛观看。

She adjusted the seat to the height of her child.

她调节座椅以适合她孩子的身高。

vi.

He soon adjusted to school life.

他不久就适应了学校生活。

The body quickly adjusts itself to changes of（in）temperature.

身体能很快地自行调节以适应温度的变化。

You must adjust yourself to new circumstances.

你必须使自己适应新环境。

用法归纳

*adjust作及物动词用法：（1）+宾语；（2）+宾语+to+代（名）词，意为“调节、调整；使适合或便于使用；调停（歧见、争端）”。

特别提示

用作不及物动词时，常跟介词to搭配。

4．sense

例句集锦

（1）官能、感觉

He has a poor sense of smell.

他嗅觉极差。

We all have the five senses.

我们都有五种官能。

I’ll probably get lost—I haven’t got a very good sense of direction.

我可能会迷路——我的方向感不太好。

（2）make sense 有意义

Read this and tell me if it makes sense.

读读这篇东西，告诉我它的意思是否明确。

It just doesn’t make sense － why would she do a thing like that?

这真是无法解释——她为什么会做出这样的事情？

It makes sense to save money while you can.

能省钱时就节省，这是明智的。

（3）sense of rhythm/timing节奏感/时机感

I like Michelle—she’s got a really good sense of humor.

我喜欢米歇尔——她很有幽默感。

固定搭配：in no sense 决不（用于强调）

in a very real sense确定地、毫无疑问地

In a very real sense,we can say that education is the most vital of all resources.

毫无疑问，我们可以说在所有资源中教育是最重要的。

in a sense/in one sense/in some senses 在某种意义上

用法归纳

*sense可用作名词，主要义项有：感觉;有意义；看见、嗅到、触摸等。

特别提示

make sense有意义，名词sense前不用冠词，但sense表示“……感”时，其前常用形容词或冠词。

5.*involve

例句集锦

vt.

What will the job involve?

这份工作包括什么？

I didn’t know/realize putting on a play involved so much work.

我没有想到演出一场戏需要做这么多工作。

Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance.

每天我们每个人作出的决定都包含碰运气的成分。

These changes will involve everyone on the staff.

这些变革将会影响到我们每个人。

Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.

尽量多让些孩子参与游戏。

More than 30 software firms were involved in the project.

30多家软件公司参与了这个项目。

用法归纳

*involve可用作及物动词或不及物动词。主要义项有：包含（必要的部分或结果），需要，包括；涉及、影响；要求/允许（某人）参与；参与某项活动，与某项活动有关联的。

特别提示

involved 词性已转化为形容词在句中作表语。

6.attempt

例句集锦

n.

He made one last attempt at the world record.

他为破世界记录作了最后一次努力。

They made no attempt at escaping.

他们没有试图逃走。

Zhang Jian made an attempt to swim across the English Channel.

张健试图游过英吉利海峡。

They decreased their production in an attempt to push the prices.

他们减少生产量，以试图抬高价格。

vt.

They attempted a surprise attack.

他们企图偷袭。

The prisoners attempted to escape,but failed.

那些囚犯试图逃走，但失败了。

He attempted breaking the world record.

他试图打破世界纪录。

用法归纳

*attempt 可用作名词和及物动词，意为：努力、尝试、企图、未遂行为； 尝试；试图；试图征服（危险的山、海等）。

特别提示

attempt 用作及物动词表示“试图；企图”时，常含结果失败之意。

●重点短语

1.get/be/come used to

例句集锦

I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work.

我肯定会习惯艰苦的工作。

I haven’t got used to getting up so early.

我不习惯于起这么早。

After a month she got/become used to English food.

一个月后，她变得习惯于（吃）英国食品。

相关归纳

（1）used to 过去常常

I used to smoke a pipe.

我从前常抽烟斗。

I used to think I’d like to be an astronaut.

我从前想当宇航员。

It used to be believed that the earth was flat.

以前的人相信地球是平的。

（2）be used to 还可表示“被用来”,used动词use的被动形式。

Bamboo is used to make paper.

竹子被用来造纸。

特别提示

be used to doing用法与get used to doing相同，只不过be used to 表示状态，而get used to 表示动作或状态的转变。

2.allow for

The journey usually takes 3 weeks,but you should allow for delays caused by bad weather.

这趟旅行通常需时三周，但是你应该考虑到恶劣天气所造成的延误。

His inexperience should be allowed for.

他的无经验被考虑在内。

Allowing for inflation,the cost of the project is $2 million.

考虑到通货膨胀的因素，这个项目的费用为200万美元。

相关归纳

considering（介词）考虑到；鉴于

Considering the strength of the opposition,we did very well to score two goals.

考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。

John did quite well considering how little he studied.

考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已算很不错了。

特别提示

allow for 为动词词组，而considering词性为介词。

3.be aware of

例句集锦

I’m well（quite）aware of the risk.

我深知那项风险。

She was/became aware of the danger.

她（终于）觉察到危险。

He was aware that he had drunk too much.

他晓得他喝了太多（酒）。

Few of them were aware（of）what a hypocrite he really was.

他们之中很少人知道他实际上是个什么样的伪君子。

Are you aware（of）how much this means to me?

你晓得这对我有多大意义吗？

特别提示

作介词“of”宾语的可数名词、that从句及wh-从句，在接从句时，of常可省略。

●必背句型

1.while 引导的让步状语从句

教材原句

While I may not be able to walk, there are many other great things I can do.

尽管我可能走不了路，但我能做许多其他的了不起的事情。

特别提示

while 可用于表示让步、对照，意为“然而，但是，虽然”。

（1）That region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none.

那个地区自然资源丰富，这个地区却一点也没有。

（2）While I have some sympathy for them, I don’t think they are right.

虽然我对他们有些同情，我却不认为他们是对的。

（3）While she is a likeable girl she can be extremely difficult to work with.

她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘，但有时很难与她共事。

特别提示

可用于这种表示让步关系的连词还有although,though,when等。注意：when引导的让步状语从句，常置于主句之后。

补充例句

（1）They kept digging when they must have known there was no hope.

他们明知没有希望，但还是在不停地挖。

（2）He works when he might retire.

虽然可以退休，他还是工作。

2.“与其说……倒不如……；不只是”的表示法

教材原句

They need recognition, more than sympathy and help.

与其说他们需要同情与帮助，倒不如说他们需要承认。

补充例句

（1）It’s her manner I dislike, more than what she actually says.

我讨厌的倒不是她实际上说些什么，而是她的态度。

（2）She cares far more for her dogs than she does for me.

她关心狗远远胜过关心我。

（3）Chinese is more than a language.

中文不仅仅是一种语言。

*rather than也表此意

（1）He is a politician rather than a statesman.

说他是政治家，不如说他是政客。

（2）It is hot rather than warm.

与其说天气暖和，不如说是热。

（3）I would prefer to stay home rather than go out.

我宁愿留在家里也不愿出去。

疑难突破

1.accept...as;recognize...as;treat...as...;think of...as...

accept...as...接受或认可（某种演说、说明等）；忍受

recognize ...as公认……

treat ... as ... 把……当作……

think of...as...认为……是……（普通用语）

应用

（1）We now______the car as being essential rather than a luxury.

（2）Immediately after her death,Qiu in was______as a heroine.

（3）You may______the report as true/a fact.

（4）Lawrence’s novel was eventually______as a work of genius.

（5）We have to______things as they are.

（6）He______my words as a joke.

答案：（1）think of  （2）recognized  （3）accept  （4）recognized  （5）accept 

（6）treated 或thought of

2.get,gain,win,earn

get是最普遍的词，在非正式场合可以替代几乎所有的其他动词。

gain暗示目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，强调获得的过程。

win指在竞争、战争、比赛中获胜，并可能由此得到奖赏。

earn通常用于与金钱、报酬、谋生相关的场合，而且含有这些报酬是应得的意思，暗示获得物与所花的气力是相互成比例的。

应用

（1）I sat in the front of the bus to ______a good view of the countryside.

（2）She______experience while working for the newspaper.

（3）Who is going to ______the elections?

（4）She ______￡1 000 a month.

答案：（1）get  （2）gained  （3）win  （4）earns

典例剖析

【例1】 （2004年全国卷Ⅱ,27）______you call me to say you’re not coming,I’ll see you at the theatre.

A.Though                     B.Whether                    C.Until                         D.Unless

剖析：从上下文的意思看，从句中需要表示否定含义的引导词，unless在意思上相当于if not,因此选D。

答案：D

【例2】 （2004年浙江,35）Anyway,that evening,______I’ll tell you more about later,I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

A.when                        B.where                       C.what                         D.which

剖析：本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。本句中的先行词为that evening;关系词在从句中作介词about的宾语。

答案：D

高三英语复习教案（1）

（SB2-units1-2）

:一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

yard,horse-drawn,sign,film-maker,strict,button,castle,garage, beard, imagine, in t he hope of, take along, bring on, lose heart, day after day, used to, pick up, go through,go straight ahead,be well-known as an artist, be pleased with, have no idea, in this way smoker,packet, chance, public, club, cigarette, typewriter, nation, habit, therefore drug, smelly, share,give up, persuade sb. to do sth., go ahead, ask sb.for permission, at present,millions of, be caused by, sales of tobacco, fall asleep, catch fire,burn down, one third of, a packet of cigarettes, one third of/a third of, persuade sb.to do sth., die from, be reduced by, compared with, remain in business, encourage sb. to do sth., give up, be used to, get sb. into the habit of, call for.

2.句型

(1)Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to…?

(2)Excuse me. How can I get to …→

(3)Go through the gate and you’ll…

(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the…?

(5)Do you mind if I do…?

(6)Would you mind if I did…?

(7)Do(would)you mind(one/one’s)doing…?

(8)I wonder if I can/could do…

3.语法

    1.学习名词性从句作宾语的用法

2.名词性从句作表语

5.交际用语

    (1)Go straight ahead till you see…

(2)It’s about…yards/metres down this street.

(3)Excuse me. How can I get to …?

(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the nearest men’s room?

(5)Do you mind if I do…?

(6)I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.

(7)Would you mind if I did…?No. Go ahead.

(8)I wonder if I could use your phone. Sure, go ahead.

?二、考点精析与拓展

1.take 短语归纳

take along 带着，带在身边；take one’s place 坐某人的座位，代替某人的职位；take medicine 吃药；take steps采取步骤；take measures采取措施；take advice 接受建议；take a taxi坐出租车；take a look at 看；take a bath/walk/rest/trip洗澡/散步/休息/旅行；take away拿走; take down拿下，记录下；take back 带回，收回（话）；take off脱下（衣、鞋、帽），（飞机）起飞；take out取出；take place 发生；take the place of代替，取代；take up 开始，拿起;take a deep breath深呼吸；take one’s temperature量体温；take a photo照像;take a photograph of给……拍照；take one’(a)seat 坐下，坐好；take aim at 瞄准；take charge of 负责（管理某事或照顾某人）；take…for把……误当作；take hold of 抓住；take interest对……发生兴趣；take it easy别紧张，别过累；take notes作笔记；take notice of 注意；take office就职；take a new look on呈现新面貌；take on workers 雇佣工人；take part in参加（活动）；take pride in 为……而骄傲；take the lead带头；take trouble费劲（力）；take the side of 支持某人（方）；take a day off某一天休假，不工作；take one’s time从容行事，慢慢来；take turns轮流。

[应用]完成句子。

①你为什么不带你妈妈参加音乐会呢？

Why don’t you ________ _______ your mother__________to the

concert?

②墙上的地图太旧了，取下来吧。

The map on the wall is to old. _________ _________ ________.

③对不起，我收回我刚才的话。

Sorry. I _______ _______ what I said just now.

④我把他当成我弟弟了。

I ________him _________ my younger brother.

Key:①take,along

②Take, it ,down

③take, back

④took,for

2.sign

    1)用作名词：traffic signs交通标志；road signs 路标；

signs for the rest rooms厕所标志：signs of heart trouble 心脏病的迹象，signs of rain/earthquake下雨/地震的预兆。

2）用作动词，表示“签名，作手势”。如：sign one’s name签名；sign the agreement 签署协议；sign to sb.朝某人做手势；sign to sb.to do sth.做手势让某人干某事。

[应用]完成句子

①董事长在文件上签了名。

The president_______ ______ ______to the paper.

②警察做手势叫我停下。

The policeman ________ ________ ________ _______.

Key:①singed,his,name

②singed,me,to,stop

3.ahead短语归纳

go ahead朝前走，请便（同意对方继续干或同意对方的请求）；go ahead (on)with… 继续；ahead of在……前面，早于，优先；ahead of time提前

[应用]完成句子

①他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。

He ________ ________ to see what had happened.

②我可以坐这个座位吗？请坐吧。

May I take this seat?________ _______.

③汤姆的数学比玛丽好。

Tom is ________ _______ Mary in maths.

④她比我早到2个小时。

She arrived two hours _______ _______me.

⑤他们已提前三周完成了设计。

They have completed the design ________ _______ ________ _______time.

Key:①went,ahead ②Go,ahead

③/ ④ahead,of

⑤three,weeks,ahead,of

4.祈使句+and+陈述句

    1）这种结构可以替换成“条件句+陈述句”。如：

Work hard,and you’ll be successful in time./If you work hard,you will be successful in time.

只要你努力，一定会成功。

注意：祈使句后and可替换成then.

2）祈使句+or+否定陈述句=否定条件句+否定陈述句。如：

Get ready or you won’t pass the test./ If you don’t get ready,you won’t pass the test.

做好准备，要不你小测验不会及格的。

注意：祈使句后的or可替换成otherwise.

6.只能接动名词作宾语的词

    1）动词：admit,advise,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest, unders-

tand

2)词组:insist on, think of, give up, dream of, hear of,depend on,feel like,devote to, be used to,can’t help,prevent… from,look forward to, put off, be worth

[应用]选择正确答案

①The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ________.

A.catching               B.to be caught

C.being caught           D.to catch

②Only one of these books is _________.

A.worth to read         B.worth being read

C.worth of reading      D.worth reading

③I really enjoy ________ that kind of job.

A.do       B.doing        C.to do       D.to be doing

④“What are you going to do this morning?”

“I’m thinking of _______ to visit my aunt.”

A.go                      B.going

C.having gone                D.my going

Key:①C ②D ③B ④B

.只能接不定式作宾语的动词

下列动词只能接不定式作宾语，不能接动名词：

agree,ask,choose, decide, demand,expect, hope,learn,long, ma- 

nage,offer,plan,promise, pretend, refuse,wish,set out, determine,

would love.

[应用]选择正确答案

①We agree _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

 (MET’95)

A.having met                B.meeting

C.to meet                   D.to have met

②She pretended __________ me when I passed by.(MET’89)

A.not to see                B.not seeing

C.to not see                D.having not seen

③Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this even-

ing.(met’92)

A.to be taken               B.to take

C.being taken               D.taking

Key:①C ②A ③A

8.in the hope of

该短语表示“期待，抱有……的希望”，后接名词、代词或动名词，可替换成：in the hope that 从句或hoping to…。对比:

They got up very early in the hope of catching the first bus.

他们起得很早，希望能赶上头班车。

注意：have the hope of…/There be hope of…有希望

对比：She has the hope of success.

她有成功的希望。

There is still hope of persuading him to change his mind.

还有希望说服他改变主意。

[应用]一句多译：

他到那里去，希望买一些新鲜鱼。

He went there in the hope of buying some fresh fish./He

Went there in the hope that he could buy some fresh fish./He went there hoping to buy some fresh fish.

9.imagine

1)接名词、代词：You can’t imagine the life on the island.你无法想象岛上的生活。

2）接动名词：She never imagined her going abroad for further education.她从没设想过会出国深造。

3）接从句：You can’t imagine how worried I was those days.你想象不到那几天我是多么焦虑啊。

4）接复合宾语：The boy imagined himself to be a hero. 这男孩把自己想象成了英雄。

[应用] 选择正确答案

I can hardly imagine Peter ______across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(MET’91)

A.sail      B.to sail       C.sailing       D.to have sailed

Key:C

10.“at+名词”表示“在进行，从事”

at work 在工作；at table在吃饭；at play 在做游戏；at sea 出海；at university/college在上学;at night school在上夜校；at dinner/table在吃饭；at peace处于和平状态；at war在交战，在打仗

[应用]完成句子。

①别人在工作，不要吵闹。

Don’t make any noise while others are ______ ________.

②孩子们在游戏，而他们的父母正在吃饭。

The children were ______ ________ while their parents were_______ _______.

Key:①at, work

②at,play,at,dinner

11.open

    1)用作动词：open a door/window/a small shop/one’s hand/one’s eyes/one’s mouth/fire开门/开窗/开一家小商店/张开手/睁开眼/张开嘴/开火；be opened to traffic通车；open up开采（发）

2）用作形容词：keep open开着门；be open开门、开业；cut…open切开；leave the door open 开着门；in the open air 在野外；an open secret公开的秘密；keep one’s eyes open睁眼

[应用]选择正确答案

①John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes________.(MET’92)

A.open                      B.to be opened

C.to open                   D.opening

②Some new oilfields ________since 1976.

A.were opened up            B.has been opened up

C.have been opened up       D.had been opened up

③The computer center, _________ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.

A.open                      B.opening

C.having opened             D.opened

Key:①A ②C ③D

12.区别下列用法

    1)as(so)far as 和……一样远，远至（原级比较或表示距离）；就……来讲

2)as(so)long as 和……一样长（原级比较）；只要（引导条件

状语从句）

3）as well as和……一样好；既……也……（连接并列成分）

4）as good as和……一样好；事实上（作状语）

[应用]完成句子

①他们实际上已经答应帮助我们了。

They have ________ _______ ______ promised to help us.

②油漆后的这辆自行车和新的一样。

Painted, this bike is _______ _____ ______ a new one.

③小李英语说得和汉语一样好。

Xiao Li speaks English  ______ ______ _____ she speaks

Chinese.

④他和他的父母对我都很好。

He _______ ______ ______his parents is kind to me.

⑤晚饭后我们一直到走山脚下。

After supper we walked _______ ______ ______the foot of the

hill.

⑥就我所知，他将离开两个月。

______ ______ ______I know, he’ll be away for two months.

⑦只要努力，你一定会成功。

________ _________ ________you work hard, you’ll succeed in

time.

⑧这座新建的桥据说和旧的一样长。

This newly – built bridge is said to be _________ ________    

_________the old one.

Key:①②as good as;③④as well as

⑤as far as    ⑥As, far,as

⑦As/so,long,as ⑧as,long,as

13.形容词+with

be pleased with sb./sth.对……满意；be satisfied with 对……满意；be busy with sth.忙于某事；be careful with 对……注意、细心；be connected with与……有联系；be lined with 排列，站队；be patient with sb.对某人有耐心；be popular with受欢迎；be strict with sb.对某人严格要求；be wrong with 出毛病，不顺心；be disappointed with对……失望；be angry with sb.生某人的气

[应用]完成句子

①作为一名老师你应该对学生有耐心。

As a teacher you should_______ _______ ______ your students.

②每条路旁都栽上了树。

Every road ______ ______ _____ trees.

③我们老师对工作认真，对学生也很严格。

Our teacher is not only strict _________ his work but also________his students.

④夫妻都忙于工作，因而无暇顾及孩子。

Both husband and wife _______ ______ ______their work,so they

have no time to care for the child.

Key: ①be, patient,with

②is, lined,with

③in, with

④are,busy,with

14.heart短语归纳

lose heart 失去信心；lose one’s heart to sb./sth.爱上某人/事；give heart to sb.鼓励某人；give one’s heart sb./sth.爱上某人/事；put one’s heart into 一心扑在某事上；heart and soul全心全意地；have a kind heart有一幅好心肠;break one’s heart使某人伤心；learn…by heart 记住，背诵；with a heavy/light heart 心情沉重地/轻松愉快地

[应用]完成句子

①这个队一场比赛未赢，结果灰心了。

The team had won no game and it ________ ________.

②我们很奇怪她怎么爱上一个外国老头。

We wonder why she ________ _________ ________ _______an

old foreigner.

③世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Nothing is too difficult in the world if you _______ _______

________ _______it.

④全心全意地为人民服务是一个党员的义务。

It’s the duty of a Party member to serve the people  ________

_________ _________ __________.

Key:①lost,heart

②lost,her,heart,to

③put,your,heart,into

④heart,and,soul

15.in the last few years.

该短语意为“最近几年”，常和现在完成时连用，表示以前某时开始一直延续至说话时的动作或状态。in可被during或over 替换。常用的还有：during the past ten days过去的10天里；over the last 5 months过去的5个月里；in the past few weeks 过去的几周里如：

We’ve learned quite a lot of English over the past three years.

三年来我们学了不少英语。

[应用]单句改错

①Many factories were built in the last ten years in my hometown.

②Both my father and mother have been busy since the past few weeks.

Key:①改were 为have been

②改since为for/in/over

16.reduce

reduce the number of减少……的数量；

reduce the cost/one’s weight/the price/speed降低成本/减肥/降价/减速

注意：reduce是increase的反义词。与by连用表示“减少了多少”；与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。

[应用]完成句子

①今年吸烟人数已减少了30%

The number of smokers has been reduced _________30%.

②现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。

Now the cost of a bike has been reduced _______50 dollars.

Key:①by  ②to

17.chance

    1)用于短语：

give sb.a chance给某人一次机会；

have a chance to do sth.有机会做；

miss a chance错过机会；

lose a chance失去机会；

2)用于句型：

The chance is that…/ The chances are that…表示“有可能……”（句型中的The和That 可省略）。如：

The chance is (that)she’s already heard the news.

可能她已听到那则消息了。

Chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow.

新机器可能明天到。

3）后接of 或that从句表示“可能性”。如：

He has no chance of winning the match.

他不可能赢得这次比赛。

There is a chance that I will see him.

我有可能见到他。

[应用]一句多译：

那里有可能藏着蛇。

The chances are that there is a snake over there.

There is a chance of a snake hiding there.

There is a chance that a snake is over there.

18．cause v.导致，引起

    1）接名词：cause an accident/trouble/death/a fire/a serious illness/damage引起事故/惹麻烦/导致死亡/引起大火/导致重病/造成损害

2）接双宾语：cause sb.pain/trouble/damage给某人带来痛苦/麻烦/损害

3）接复合宾语：cuase sb. to do sth使某人做某事

[应用]完成句子

①什么使她改变了计划？

What _______ _______ ______ _______her plan?

②地震使所有的楼房倒塌了。

The earthquake ________ all the buildings ________ _______.

Key:①caused,her,to,change

②cuased,to,fall

19.permission短语归纳

ask for permission请求许可；

ask sb.for permission to do sth.请求某人允许做某事；

ask permission to do sth.请求得到允许做某事；

give sb.permission to do sth.允许某人做；

with one’s permission经某人允许；

without one’s permission 未经允许；

如：You have to ask the teacher for permission to do that.

你应该得到老师的同意再去做那件事。

You have to ask permission to go there.

你应该请求许可到那里去。

[应用]选择正确答案

No permission has _______ for anybody to enter the building.

 (MET’88)

A.been given               B.given

C.to give                  D.be giving

Key:A

20.接不定式和动名词意义不同的词

1）remember doing/having done记得曾做过某事remember to do记住去做某事  对比：

Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?

Please remember to write to your parents when you get there.

2)regret doing/having done 后悔做了（或没做）某事/regret to do遗憾地去做某事  对比：

I regret telling her the truth.

I regret to say that you are completely wrong.

3）try to do 尽力去做/try doing  试着去做

对比：She tried to learn it by heart.

She tried adding more salt to the soup.

4)forget doing 忘记曾经做过/forget to do忘记去做

对比：I forget reading about it in a magazine.

Don’t forget to shut off the gas when you finish cooking.

5)stop doing 停止做/stop to do 停止某一动作去作另一动作（说明停止的目的）

对比：They didn’t start until it stopped raining .

We stopped to see what was going on.

6)mean doing 意味着/mean to do 打算，意图做

对比：Missing the train means waiting for an hour.

I meant to come, but a friend of mine went to see me .

7)want doing 需要（物作主语，动名词主动表示被动）/want to do  想做（人作主语）

对比：The wall wants painting. I want to paint the wall myself.

21.go/do without

该短语表示“没有……将就着也行”。Without既是介词也是副词，亦即带不带宾语都行。

[应用]完成句子

①他没钱买电视，只能过着没有电视的日子。

He had no money for a TV set,so he had to _______ _______ ______.

②我们没有地图也行。

We have no map but we can ________ ________

Key:①go,without,it ②do,without

Z三、精典名题导解

1. These photographs will show you_________.

A.what does our village look like 

B.what our village look like

C.how does our village look like

D.how our village looks like

本题答案为B。

精析：该题考查两方面的内容：a)宾语从句的语序问题；b）表示“……看起来像……”时，该用什么结构。通常情况下，宾语从句中应用正常语序，即：主语+谓语，不用倒装语序，A、C应排除。当我们要表示“某人或某事物像……”之意时，须用“what…look like”的结构，D不符。

2._________him and then try to copy what he does.(NMET 1999·12)

A.Mind      B.Glance at         C.Stare at         D.Watch

本题答案为D。

精析：该题考查两点：a)检查使用祈使句+and…，祈使句+or的掌握情况；b)考查表感观一组词之区别。根据词义A可排除；“glance at”表“看一看”，指“一看”的动作，显然不合题意舍去。“stare at”表示“盯”

“凝视”之意，也不合题意，删去。Watch表示“注视”的意思，正合题意。

表语从句是近年高考中考查重点之一，其原因有三：一是该从句很容易与宾语从句相混淆；二是它与主语从句在某些用法上有共同之处；三是动词不定式，v-ing短语也可做表语，用起来极难区别。此外，交际用语的问语、答语形式也是高考常考的题型之一，学习和复习时，应倍加留心。
  3.—Do you mind my taking this seat?

—__________.         (NMET 1995·13)

A.Yes,sit down please             B.No,of course not

C.Yes,take it please              D.No,you can’t take it

本题答案为B。

精析：此题考查的目的是：检查考生对由that引起的问句应如何回答。通常，回答这种问句的方式有两种：1）如果表示同意某人做某事（即表示不反对、或不介意）常可答：No,of course not. Certainly not.No,not at all. Oh,no,please.或No,go ahead;2)如表示不同意某人做某事（即表示介意），可答：I’m sorry,but…Sorry,but I’m afraid you can’t.从所提供答案来看，A、C、D均不合题意，删除。B与题意相符。

4.Go and get your coat. It’s __________ you left it.(NMET 1991·15)

A.there      B.where       C.there where     D.where there

本题答案为B。

精析：此题是考查表语从句的用法。A.there不能引导表语从句，排除；C.there where you left it,there之后不能用where引导的从句来修饰，故排除；D.where there,既用了引导词where,就不能再用there,所以D也须舍去。

5.—Do you mind if I keep pets in this building?

 —___________.

A.I’d rather you didn’t,actually    

B.Of course not,it’s not allowed here

C.Great!I love pets

D.No,you can’t

本题答案为A。

精析：B、D选项直接拒绝，语气过于生硬，不友好，C项过于热情，不合实际，A项则回答得很委婉，有礼貌。

6．We all agree with him on_______he said.

A.what       B.that        C.why       D.how

本题答案为A。

精析：位于介词之后的宾语从句一般不能由what引导，但介词except、in、but、besides除外，此题题干所给的介词是on,所以，B不对。表示“所说（做，想）的”等意思时，应用what,不用why,how.

7.I won’t go with you. It’s _________ cold outside today.

A.so much        B.too much       C.very so       D.much too

本题答案为D。

精析：因cold为形容词，不能用so much来修饰。very to为错误表达方式，故排除。too much 可用来修饰名词、动词。much too表“实在太”之意，用来修饰形容词与副词。

8.It’s wrong ________ help him.

A.for you to                   B.for you not to

C.of you to                    D.of you not to

本题答案为D。

精析：英语中形容词可分两类：一是描述主语的品行、道德行为的，如：nice,good,wrong,careful,careless,foolish,clever等。这类形容词之后的不定式复合结构常用介词of，其常用结构为：It’s+此类形容词+of sb.to do…;另一类是描述主语的性质特点的，如：hard,easy,difficult,necessary,important等。用此类形容词时，其后的不定式复合结构，须用介词for。因本句的形容词是wrong，A、B排除；C为肯定式，不合题意，舍去。

9.—Would you go to the concert with me?

—_________,but I’m very busy now.

    A.I’d like to                       B.Sure      

C.No problem                      D.Certainly

本题答案为A。