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名词性从句专题复习
（一）语法要点：
名词性从句就是句子担任名词性的成分，如主语，宾语，表语，同位语。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句
（1）What he said is true.
（2）When they will arrive is not known yet.
（3）That he succeeded in doing the experiment was encouraging.
（4）Whether he will accept the invitation remains a secret.
（5）It is important that we should learn English well.
2. 宾语从句
（1）I don't know if he has done the work.
（2）Did he say that he liked football ?
（3）They expected that they would be given another chance.
（4）The girl told me that she had longed to visit China.
3. 表语从句
（1）The question is whether we have enough time to do the experiment again.
（2）His greatest wish was that someday he would become a general.
（3）His suggestion was that we should discuss the plan carefully.
（4）My question is when they can finish the work.
4. 同位语从句
（1）You have no idea how eager they are to know the result.
（2）He made a suggestion that the work should be given to him.
（3）Have you heard the news that Premire Wen visited our school last Friday ？
（4）The fact that he got full mark in the composition made his parents very happy.
名词性从句主要从以下几点把握：
1. 语序。从句一定要是陈述语序。如：
（1）These pictures will show you what the village looks like now.
（2）How many guests will be invited isn’t decided yet.
2. 时态。宾语从句的时态需要和主句进行协调。如主句是过去时，从句要用相应的过去时。
（1）He told me that he had seen the film.
（2）They said they would spend their holiday in Hainan.
（3）Father said he was carrying out an important project.
（4）Did you know where the accident took place ?
3. 连词。引导名词性从句的连词分为三种：连词 that, whether, if （在主语、表语、同位语从句中用 whether 不用if ）；连接代词 who, whom, whose,
which, what 等; 连接副词 when, where, how, why 等。
（1）Whether the team has won the game is not announced yet. （主语从句）
（2）How many people will take part in the competition will be known soon. （主语从句）
（3）My idea is that we should spend our holidays by the seaside. （表语从句）
（4）My question is how they finished the work in such a short time. （表语从句）
（5）Many people are shocked at the news that there are so many SARS cases in Beijing. （同位语从句）
（6）His suggestion that we should discuss the plan again has been received. （同位语从句）
（7）I didn’t know if they had seen the film. （宾语从句）
（8）We haven’t decided when we’ll start the project. （宾语从句）
4. 形式主语和形式宾语的应用：
当主语从句比较长，主句比较短时，通常用形式主语it，而把从句放在后面，如：
（1）It is said that they have succeeded in working out the problem.
（2）It was important that we should make the plan carefully.
（3）It remains a secret how the animals came to live in the sea.
当宾语从句后面有补语的时候,我们也需要用形式宾语it, 而将宾语从句放在补语之后,如：
（1）I found it very difficult that one learns several languages at the same time.
（2）He thinks it necessary that we should be given more time practising oral English.
（3）He made it clear that he would leave the office soon.
5. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用: 在demand， insist， suggest， command， require， request， order， propose 等表示命令， 要求，请求，建议等意义的动词后，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，动词形式为: should do ， should 可省，直接用动词原形，如:
（1）He suggested that we （should） go outing this weekend.
（2）The Emperor ordered that the clothes （should） be made for him at once.
（3）He insisted that we （should） stay for lunch.
这种虚拟语气也可以运用在其他的名词性从句中,从句内容不变, 如:
（1）It was suggested that we should go outing this weekend. （主语从句）
（2）He made a suggestion that we should go outing this weekend. （同位语从句）
（3）His suggestion was that we should go outing this weekend. （表语从句）
6. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别:
定语从句修饰前面的名词,而同位语从句说明前面名词的内容,引导定语从句的that在从句中担任名词性成分,而同位语从句中的 that 不担任任何句子成分.如:
（1）Have you heard the news that was broadcast this morning ? （定语从句）
（2）Have you heard the news that we defeated the Japanese football team ?（同位语从句）
（3）What do you think of the suggestion that was put forward by Lily ?（定语从句）
（4）What do you think of the suggestion that we should speak only English in class ?（同位语从句）
7. 几个容易混淆的连词：
A. whether 和 if：whether可以用在所有的名词性从句中；而if 只能用于宾语从句，另外，如果有介词的话，仍然用whether。
（1）Whether the advice will be accepted is not known. （主语从句,不可以用if）
（2）I have no idea whether he will come. （同位语从句,不可以用if.）
（3）The problem is whether we have enough time to do it again. （表语从句,不可以用if .）
（4）He didn’t tell me whether （if ） he would accept my invitation. （宾语从句,两者都可以）
（5）Everything depends on whether we have enough manpower. （介词之后不用if ）
B. what 和 that：that 在名词性从句中不担任句子成分；what 在名词性从句中做主语，宾语，表语等，通常译为＂所．．．的＂，如：
（1）What we have done is very important. （what 做宾语）
（2）That they have done the work is good news. （that 无句子成分）
（3）I believe what he said. （what 做宾语）
（4）I believe that he told truth. （that 无句子成分）
【典型例题分析】
1. __________ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.
A. Whether B. Why C. That D. How
2. _________ nothing to do with us.
A. What he has done has B. What he did do
C. What he has done D. What he did is
3. You can not trust ____________ always tells lies .
A. anyone B. whoever C. the person D. who
4. I have no idea __________ he will accept my invitation.
A. if B. whether C. where D. how
5. _________ I will accept the gift is none of your business.
A. Which B. What C. Whether D. If
6. —— What does he want to express ?
——_________ he really means is that he doesn’t agree with us.
A. What B. That C. Whatever D. Whether
7. ________ no one likes his idea is not strange at all.
A. What B. How C. When D. That
8. —— He always spends a lot time playing computer games.
——That is _________ he always fails his examinations.
A. what B. how C. why D. because
9. Your article is quite all right _________ the organization is a bit loose.
A. except B. except that C. except for D. beside
10. ——I can hardly recognize the village.
——Oh, it’s no longer _________ it used to be.
A. that B. when C. how D. what
11. —— She works even harder since she got the prize.
——Yes. She is never satisfied ___________ she has achieved.
A. what B. with what C. with that D. with which
12. —— Everyone has done something for the people in the flooded areas.
——But we are still thinking about _______ we can do more for them.
A. what B. that C. how D. where
13. It is unknown to us _________ they bought such fine clothes.
A. that B. what C. where D. who
14. Does __________ matter much if they will not come tomorrow ?
A. that B. this C. it D. he
15. _________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
【模拟试题】
1. —— We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.
—— What do you suppose __________ to her.
A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened
2. No one can be sure ________ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
3. Go and get your coat. It’s _____________ you left it .
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
4. ________ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
5. I t worried her a bit __________ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
6. __________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
7. I remember ___________ this used to be a quiet village.
A. when B. how C. where D. what
8. —— Do you remember _________ he came ?
—— Yes, I do, he came by car.
A. how B. when C. that D. if
9. _________ we can’t get seems better than __________ we have .
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
10. __________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
12. —— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—— Is that ________ you had a few days off ?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
13. A computer can only do __________ you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when
14. It is pretty well understood _____________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
15. I found ________ strange ___________ she has not come yet.
A. it, that B. that, that C. this, / D. it, /
16. The difficulty lies _______ we have no money.
A. that B. in the fact C. in the fact that D. in fact that
17. The reason why I burst into tears is _________ I don’t want to part my mother.
A. that B. which C. / D. because
18. The problem _________ we can master modern science and technology in a short time.
A. is if B. is that C. is why D. is how
19. _________ came to see me ?
A. Who you think B. Do you think who
C. Who do you think D. Whom do you think
20. _________ the lovely girl is ?
A. Do you know who B. Do you know whom
C. Who do you know D. Whom do you know
21. The old gentleman never fails to help _________ is in need of his help.
A. whom B. who C. whoever D. whomever
22. ________ puzzled the police most was how the murderer had been dead.
A. The thing B. That C. What D. Whatever
23. This is one of the examples of ____________ by telegraph.
A. how are messages sent B. that messages are sent
C. that are messages sent D. how messages are sent
24. He seems different from _________ he used to be.
A. that B. what C. which D. /
25. ________ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. That B. Since C. Although D. How
26. Won’t you tell me what it is ________ has been stolen ?
A. which B. that C. whether D. what
27. __________ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What
28. That is just ________ they are mistaken.
A. when B. what C. where D. which
29. Take ________ much you want and ________ you want to .
A. however, when B. whenever, how C. however, whenever D. however, whoever
30. ___________ a strong storm took place in that country.
A. Word that came B. Word which came C. Word came which D. Word came that
31. She took it _________ they would take her advice.
A. for granting that B. for grant that C. for granted that D. for granted what
32. Sometimes we are asked ____________ the likely result of an action will be.
A. that we think B. what we think
C. what do we think D. that what we think
33. I asked him __________ English is her favorite subject.
A. that B. that whether C. which D. whether
34. A man’s worth lies not so much in ________ he has as in _______ he is.
A. that, what B. what, what C. that, that D. what, that
35. I doubt _________ we will win the match.
A. whether B. that C. what D. /
36. It was ________ he worked hard that he succeeded.
A. because B. since C. as D. for
37. Have you seen Li Ming recently ? I wonder _______ with his studies.
A. how is he getting along B. that he gets along well
C. what is he getting along D. if he is getting along well
38. He made ________ that he wouldn’t change his mind.
A. that quite clear B. it quite clear
C. quite clear D. how clear that
39. He often thinks of _______ he can do more for the four modernizations.
A. what B. how C. that D. which
40. He was interested in ________ he had seen at the exhibition.
A. which B. that C. all what D. all that
【试题答案】
1—5 CABCB 6—10 AAAAB 11—15 BACCA 16—20 CADCA
21—25 CCDBD 26—30 BDCCD 31—35 CBDBA 36—40 AABBD
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