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过去进行时的用法
1. With a specific time in the past.
过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过去时间的状语then，at this (that) time， yesterday，at 9:00 yesterday，last night等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
注意：有些时候具体的时间状语是隐含在上下文中的。
例如：
A.
--- I called you yesterday evening, but you didn’t answer.
--- I was visiting my grandparents.
B.
--- Why don’t you answer my question?
--- Sorry, what did you say? I wasn’t listening.
2. Interrupted action in the past.
过去进行时还可表示一件事发生过程中，另一件事情的发生对其产生一定的干扰。通常是一短一长两个动作，其中可延续的长动作用进行时表示背景，而短动作用过去时表示产生干扰的突发事件。当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。
It was raining hard when I left my office.
当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。
When you called, I was eating.
你打电话时，我正在吃饭。
When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor.
（当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。
We were walking along the river when (suddenly) it rained.
我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。
They were watching TV when the lights went out.
停电时，他们刚好在看电视。（注意：同上例）
3. Parallel Actions
表示两个同时发生的可延续动作。通常出现while。但注意，while后面从句中经常用进行时，很少例外。而另外一个动作的时态要视具体情况而定。
Some students were playing football, while others were running round the track.
一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。
Tony broke into the room while he was sweeping the floor.
他正在扫地的时候Tony闯了进来。
4. Repetition and Irritation with “always”.
与always连用，表示动作发生的频率之高，通常表一种厌恶的情绪。
She was always coming to class late.
她上课总是迟到。
He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
他一直在说话。他是大家都很恼火。
I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
我不喜欢他们因为他们总是在抱怨。
5. 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。
She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.
她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。
She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.
她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。
6. 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
过去时则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说用一般过去时，只是表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调了动作的连续性。
Li Ming washed the dishes.
李明洗过盘子了。
Li Ming was washing the dishes.
李明在洗盘子。
The children watched TV yesterday evening.
昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。
The children were watching TV yesterday evening.
昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。（没干别的）
I was reading a novel this morning.
上午我在看小说。（可能没看完）
I read a novel this morning.
上午我看了一本小说。（已经看完了）
☆英语中一般不用进行时的四类动词（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）
1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know 等。若用
进行时则词意改变。
I’m forgetting it. (=I’m beginning to forget.)
2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等。
3)表感觉的动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等。
4)表一时性的动词，如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。
Exercise:
1) What ____ you _____ (do) at noon yesterday?
昨天中午你在做什么?
2) He ________(finish) all his lessons last month.
上个月他完成了他的课程。
3) The children ____________(play) football at four yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午四点孩子们在踢足球。
4) He usually _______ (watch) TV in the evening when he was in primary school.
在小学的时候他晚上通常看电视。
5) I ___________ (do) my homework when Mike _____(come) last night.
昨晚迈克进来的时候我在做作业。
6) She ____________(clean) the room when I ______(go) to see her yesterday.
昨天我来看她的时候她正在打扫房间。
7) They ____________ (read) the newspaper when I _______(go) into the room that evening.
那晚当我走进房间的时候他们正在看报纸。
8) The teacher _____________(talk) to some parents when I _____(see) her yesterday.
昨天，当我看见老师的时候，她正在和一些家长谈话。
9) The students __________(revise) for their lessons when Mr. Black ______(enter)
the classroom last Friday. 上周五当布莱克老师进教室的时候，学生们正在复习功课。
10) My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell, was riding B. was falling, rode
C. fallen, rode D. was falling, was riding
11) My mother ________ while my father ________.
A. was cooking, washed B. cooked, was washing
C. was cooking, was washing D. cooked, washed
12) Mary _______ while Peter _______the piano.
A. was dancing, was playing B. danced, played
C. was dancing, played D. danced, was playing
13) When I entered the shop, a couple of merchants __________(bargain) busily and
________(try) to sell their goods to tourists. Some young boys _______(lead) their
donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men ________ (argue)
over the price of a leather belt. I _________(walk) over to a man who _________(sell)
fruit and ________(buy) a banana.
答案：
1) were, doing. 有过去确定的时间at noon yesterday
2) finished. 表示过去完结了的动作，用过去时。
3) were playing. 有过去确定的时间at four yesterday afternoon.
4) watched. Usually在此处表示过去习惯性的动作，用过去时。
5) was doing, came. 表示过去长时间的一个动作被中断。
6) was cleaning, went. 同上。
7) were reading, went. 同上。
8) was talking, saw. 同上。
9) were revising, entered. 同上。
10) A. 表示一件事发生过程中，另一件事情的发生对其产生干扰。while引导长时间性的动作。
11) C. 表示两个同时发生的可延续动作。
12) A. 同上。
13) were bargaining, trying, were leading, were arguing, walked, was selling, bought.
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