第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）
第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
 The crowd cheered and cheered. The man with the horn waved and smiled his great, happy smile.“More! More!”cried the crowd. And Louis Satchmo Armstrong took his horn and began to play again. Here he was in England. Now a famous man, he was rich. He knew many important people. Wherever he went, people knew his name. They wanted to hear his music. As Louis played the sad, slow songs, he thought of his home in New Orleans. He lived there as a boy. How many years ago it was? It was a busy, exciting city. But Louis’ family was very poor. He went to work to help his mother. He also went to school. CY One of Louis’ teachers asked him to be in the school band“This horn is yours until you leave our school,”his teacher said. Louis’ music was jazz and he loved it. He remembered all the music he heard. He didn’t learn to read music until he was a man.
 When he left school, he played in many bands. He loved his work and people loved him. They knew he had a wonderful talent. Louis played on the boats that sailed up and down the river. He played in little towns and in big cities. Satchmo’s horn had as many sounds as ten horns-sometimes slow and sweet; sometimes fast and hot, high and low. His music was always strong and exciting.“He does make wonderful music,”said the man who listened happily.“Yes,”said another man,“he makes that horn speak.”Then the music jazz as I can play. I thought jazz was my music, but now I understand it is ours. Isn’t it beautiful how music brings us together!”
41．What music did Armstrong play?
 A．Jazz music  B．Classical music 
 C．Rock music  D．Pop music
42．When did he learn to read music?
 A．When he was less than 14 years old
 B．When he was in the school band
 C．After he became a grown-up
 D．His beautiful speech
43．What was Louis Armstrong most famous for?
 A．His great happy smile. B．His sad and slow songs.
 C．His wonderful jazz music D．His beautiful speech.
44．This story mainly tells us       .
 A．of the origin of jazz music
 B．of the famous jazz musician Louis Armstrong
 C．how Louis came to play his horn
 D．how people loved Louis and his horn
45．Which of the following is the best title for this story?
 A．Musician  B．A Beautiful Horn
 C．Sweet Smiles  D．The Man With the Horn
B
 Humans are social animals. They live in groups all over the world. As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which form different cultures. One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time.
 Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies. The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time. The daily lives of the people of such nonindustrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule（时间表）based on the clock. They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down. They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe. They measure time not by a clock or calendar（日历）,but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event . Frequently such a society measures day in terms of“sleeps”of longer periods in terms of“moons”.Some cultures, such as the Eakinos of Greenland measure seasons according to the migration of certain animals.
 Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of“telling time”.For example, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree. Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly. In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way. When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.
 In contrast（成对比），exactly correct measurement of time is very important in modern, industrialized societies. This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work. For a factory to work efficiently（well, quickly and without waste）,for example, all of the workers must work at the same time. YC Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon. Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart. Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends. Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers. Complicated（复杂）. societies need clocks and calendars. Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all.
46．By saying“Humans are social animals”, the author means        .
 A．they live all over the world
 B．they are different from other animals
 C．they live in one place, district or country, considered as a whole
 D．they are divided into many groups
47．Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies. This is because people in those societies
              .
 A．don’t have the word TIME in their languages
 B．don’t get used to using clocks and other timepieces
 C．don’t measure time in their daily lives
 D．don’t need to plan their daily lives around an exact time schedule
48．The Australian aborgines’ way of“telling time”is based on       .
 A．the change of the sun rays
 B．the movement of the earth in relation to the sun
 C．the position of the stone
 D．the position of the tree or the cliff
49．Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
 A．Time and Culture  B．The Measurement of Time
 C．Time schedule and Daily Life D．Clock, Calendar and Society
C
 Pocket Tape-Recorders“Family and Home Magazine”test what’s on the market now.
 Pearlcorder S702 $64
 This simple model at the bottom of the Olympus range scored the most points for its excellent quality of recording. Background noise hardly affects the sound and recording from a pocket is perfectly possible, but it doesn’t turn off automatically.
 Tape length: 30 minutes per side. Weight : 240 g
 Sony M9 $49.95
 Small and very good looking, Sony’s latest offering scored most for appearance.
 Sounds clear, but there is slight machine noise. The big control buttons are a great improvement on some of the complicated little controls on other tape-recorders.
 Doesn’t switch off automatically but a red light shows if the machine is still running.
 Tape length : 60 minutes per side. Weight : 195g.
 Sony M400 $115
 Lots of little control buttons that make a noise and are difficult to use. Rcording is good but machine noise loses points. Tape counter and automatic switch-off when tape has finished recording or rewinding are useful.
 Tape length : 60 minutes per side. Weight : 230g
 Imperial OEM MC7 $29.95
 Cheap and simple compared with the rest, but recording is good as long as there is no background noise. Use only its own make of cassette. No light to show it is on; no fast forward button and the record button makes a loud noise.
 Tape length: 30 minutes per side. Weight: 285g.
 Philips 585$ 80
 Handsome and simple to use, but recording is very poor at more than the recommended distance of 5 cm designed for dictation. No recording light.
 Tape length : 15 minutes per side. Weight : 220g.
50．Which machine is unsuitable for general use?
 A．Pearlcorder S702  B．Sony M400
 C．Imperial OEM MC7 D．Philips 585
51．If you want a machine which turns off automatically and weights very little, you should choose
        .
 A．Sony M9  B．Philips 585
 C．Sony M400  D．Pearlcorder S702
52．What disadvantage does the Imperial OEM MC7 only have?
 A．It picks up background noise B．It requires a special cassette
 C．The record button makes a noise D．No light shows when it is on
D
 It is well-known that when an individual joins a group, he tends to accept the group’s standards of behavior and thinking. Many illustrations（事例）could be given of this from everyday life, but what is of particular interest to psychologists（心理学家）is the extent to which people’s judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure, Asch and others noticed that people in a group will agree to statements that are contrary to the evidence of their senses. It would be a mistake to think that only particularly docile（听话的）people are chosen to take part in experiments of this type. Usually highly intelligent and independent people are used. In a typical experiment, this is what may happen.
 The experimenter asks for volunteers to join a group which is investigating visual perception（视觉）.The victims are not, therefore, aware of the real purpose of the experiment. Each volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about seven people who are cooperating with the experimenter. The group is shown a standard card which contains a single line. They are then asked to look at a second card. This has three lines on it. One is obviously longer than the line on the first card; one is shorter and one the same length. They have to say which line on the second card is the same length as the line on the standard card. The other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong lines. When his turn comes, he is faced with the unanimous（全体一致的）opinion of the rest of the group-all the others have chosen line A but he quite clearly sees line B as correct. What will be do? According to Asch, more than half of the vietims chosen will change their opinion. What is equally surprising is that, when interviewed about their answers, most explained that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they gave in to the pressure of the group because they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion（视错觉）， or because they were afraid of being different.
53．The psychologists are particularly interested in       .
 A．the changes in the attitudes of the people
 B．the degree of changes of people’s opinions
 C．the result of the experiment
 D．the difference in people’s characters
54．People who are usually chosen to take part in the experiments are       .
 A．independent  B．easily guided
 C．foolish  D．capable of reasoning
55．Which of the following statements is true?
 A．The experimenter and all the members of the group except the victim know the purpose of the experiment.
 B．All of them know the purpose of the experiment.
 C．Only the experimenter knows the purpose of the experiment.
 D．Only the victim knows the purpose of the experiment
56．More than half of the victims changed their opinion because       .
 A．someone in the group changed their opinion
 B．they thought their eyes must be cheated
 C．they thought the group choice was correct
 D．they had been told about the answer

E
 Recently I was asked,“Are we anywhere near the day when you can climb into a car on Long Island, program it to take you to your niece’s house in Chicago, hit enter, and after the first hundred yards, once you hit a main road, the car takes over automatically and you just sit back and enjoy the ride?”
 It is a question I worry. But I had to answer truthfully：“Absolutely. We are without a doubt near that day.”Look, we’re already doing it with airplanes.
 Northrop Grumman’s Global Hawk takes off at an air base in the U.S., climbs to 50,000 feet, flies to Australia, and lands at an Australian air base, where there is a grandstand filled with military officials=with no human pilot.
 The necessary technology is already here. We have radar technology that can be tied to cruise（巡航）control and brakes, which automatically adjusts（调整）your speed based on following distance and preprogrammed settings. It’s still a little bit raw, but it does work great. The technology can allow cars and trucks to follow each other in very closely spaced roads.
 GPS can also change speed with location. Let’s say you’re in a state with a 75-mph limit and you cross into a state with a 65-mph limit. GPS knows that and adjust your speed accordingly.
 It’s not out of the question to imagine that someday soon you’ll be able to start the car, make proper settings, then turn the front seats around and play cards and eat lunch as if you’re riding on a train. All in perfect comfort and safety, all the way to that niece’s place in Chicago.
 If asked to estimate just how far time is, I’d say a working system is ten years out, practice maybe 20 years.
57．The purpose of the question asked in the first passage probably is       .
 A．to draw readers’ attention to his theory
 B．to introduce the topic to be discussed in the passage
 C．to describe the cars in the future
 D．to prove that his idea is right
58．What’s the key technology to automatic car driving?
 A．The technology of airplanes.
 B．The technology to be developed in the future.
 C．The technology of radar and GPS.
 D．The technology of satellites.
59．What does the author think of the change in car driving?
  A．It’s a terrible thing to come
 B．It’s a wonder to drive such a car
 C．It’s a pity to give up the skill of driving
 D．It is very likely to come true in the near future
60．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
 A．Driving is dead?  B．Cars in the future
 C．New technology will change cars? D．Comfortable car driving

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