（B）
    A rapid means of long - distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther westward . The early trains were impractical curiosities , and for a long time the railroad companies met with mechanical problems . The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load and the development of a safe , effective stopping system . Once these were solved , the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation . By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi . There were also regional southern and western lines .
    The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental （横跨大陆） system . In 1862 government authorized （授权） two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebrasks westward and from California eastward to a meeting point , so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific . The Government helped the railroads with money and land . Actual work on this project began four years later . The two groups worked at remarkable speed , each trying to cover a greater distance than the other . In 1869 they met a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah . Many visitors came there for the great occasion . There were joyful celebrations all over the country , with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement .
    The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement . It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets . In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States .

  75. The major problems with America’s railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in _______ .
    A. poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems
    B. lack of financial support for development
    C. limited railroad lines
    D. lack of a transcontinental railroad
  76. The best title for this passage would be ______________ .
    A. Settlements Spread Westward
    B. The Coast - to Coast Railroad
    C. American Railroad History
    D. The Importance of Railroads in the American Economy
  77. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took ________ .
    A. 9 years  B. 7 years   C. 4 years   D. 3 years
  78. What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad ?
    A. The possibility of government support for such a task .
    B. The need to explore Utah .
    C. the need to connect the east coast with the west .
    D. The need to develop the railroad industry in the west .

（C）
    As supplier or most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes , agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy . But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this . For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low , most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth . Indeed , one of the factors related most closely to the per capital income （人均收入） of a nation is the small part of its population engaged in farming . In the poorest nations of the world , more than half of the population lives on farms . This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States .
    In short , the course of economic development in general depends in a basic way on the performance of farmers . This performance , in turn , depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment , on market structure , within which it functions . In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined . It is suitable to begin with consideration of its market structure .

  79. This passage is most probably _______________ .
    A. a news item
    B. the part of an introduction of a novel
    C. the part of a speech
    D. an advertisement
  80. What is most important to agriculture is ____________ .
    A. the amount food it produces
    B. the per capital income of farmers
    C. its industrial performance
    D. The production of investment goods
  81. The performance of farmers essentially determines _____________ .
    A. the size of the working population
    B. the organization of agriculture
    C. the market structure
    D. the general development of economy
  82. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of _____________ .
    A. the structure of American farming production
    B. the market structure of American agriculture
    C. the various functions of American agriculture
    D. the organization of American agriculture

（D）
    Does a bee know what is going on in its mind  when it navigates （导航） its way to distant food sources and back to the hive （蜂窝） using sunlight and the tiny magnet （磁性） carries as a navigational aid ? Or is the bee just a machine , unable to do its mathematics and dance its language in any other way ? To use Donald Griffin’s term , does a bee have “awareness ” , or to use a phrase I like better , — can a bee think and imagine ?
    There is an experiment for this or at least an observation , made long ago by Karl Von Frisch and more recently confirmed by James Gould at Princeton . Biologists who wish to study such things as bee navigation , language , and behavior in general have to train their bees to fly from the hive to special place . To do this , they begin by placing a source of sugar very close to the hive so that the bees can learn what the game is about . Then , at regular intervals , the dish or whatever is moved progressively farther and farther from the hive in increments （增长） of about 25 percent at each move . Eventually , the target is being moved 100 feet or more at a jump , very far from the hive . Sooner or later , while this process is going on , the biologists moving the dish of sugar will find the bees out there waiting for them , exactly where the next position had been planned . This is an uncomfortable observation to make .
  83. According to the author , why was sugar used in the study ?
    A. to keep the bees healthy during the experiment .
    B. To train the bees to travel to a particular place .
    C. To reward the bees for performing the experiment correctly .
    D. To ensure that the bees did not sting the scientists .
  84. The result of the experiment explained in the passage seems to indicate which of the following ?
    A. Research using bees is too dangerous to be conducted successfully .
    B. Bees are unable to navigate beyond 100 feet of their hive .
    C. Scientists can teach bees to talk to people .
    D. Bees are able to perform in fixed reasoning tasks .
  85. Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage ?
    A. A response to a criticism .
    B. A comparison of two complete theories .
    C. A question followed by a possible answer .
    D. A position supported by science debate .

第II部分
I. Translation
  1. 一桩工作上的失败不应该使你停止努力。（prevent）
  2. 建立国家公园能为珍稀动物提供安宁的地方。（provide）
  3. 一个人被恶梦和睡眠问题所烦扰是常见的事。（trouble）
  4. 凡是有资格做教师的人必须具备心理学方面的知识。（be qualified）
  5. 尽管足球在我国是很普及的运动，但几乎没人满意中国足球队的表现。（satisfy）
II. Guided Writing
    Write an English composition in over 120 words according to the situation given .
    1. 越来越多的人外出旅游。
    2. 旅游给我们带来的好处。
    3. 在旅游中也要提供文明。

〖参考答案〗
第I卷  听力部分
    略
第II卷  笔试部分
II. Grammar
    21——30    ABAACBABDD
    31——40    BAAABCCBCD
III. Vocabulary
    40——50    BCDBCBCBDB
IV. Cloze
    51——60    DDDCABDDAB
    61——70    BABAADCBAD
V. Reading
    71——85    CCACACDCCCDBBDC
VI. Translation
  1. The failure in a job shouldn’t prevent you from trying hard again .
  2. Establishing national parks will provide peaceful areas for rare animals .
  3. It is common that one is troubled by terrible dream or sleep problem .
  4. Those who are qualified as a teacher must have a knowledge of psychology .
  5. Although soccer is a most popular game , almost no one is satisfied with the performance of the national team of China .

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