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Unit 1 Art
Word usage:
1.abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence; hard to understand
n. abstract idea or quality; short account of the contents of a book
v. abstract sth(from sth): remove sth;separate sth(from sth);make written summary of
in the abstract=in genera=in a theoretical way 大体上,理论上,抽象地
1) We will consider this problem in the abstract.
2) They abstracted metal from ore.
3) Could you make the abstract idea more clear?
2. belief n. 不可数，相信（in sb/sth）;可数，信仰，复数为 beliefs
believe v. believe sb/sth 相信某人所说的话/某事 believe in sb/sth trust sb信任某人 信仰（宗教等）
believable adj.可信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的
believe it or not信不信由你 be beyond belief 难以置信
1) We hold /have the belief that we can overcome the difficulty.
2) We don’t believe in God. We believe in communism.
3. consequence n.后果，结果重要性 ; take the consequences承担后果
consequent adj. consequent on/upon 由…引起的,跟随发生的
consequently adv.as a result; therefore结果 因此 所以
in consequence of = as a result/consequence of=because of=thanks to/owing to
be of much/any/no consequence 有很大（任何，无）重要性
1) My car broke down and consequently I was late.
2) The farmers face the failure of crops consequent on the storm.
4. aim v. (sth)at sb/sth point or direct(weapon) towards an object
n. purpose; action of pointing or directing sth towards an object
1) He aimed his gun at a deer.
2) The main aim of the course is to improve students’ reading skills.
5. value n. worth of sth in terms of money values (pl)价值观
v. estimate the money value of sth;have a high opinion of sth/sb
valuable adj.worth much money有价值的贵重的valuables n.贵重物品
valueless adj. worthless无价值的 不重要的
invaluable adj 无法估价的 无价的
be of great value=be valuable； hold its value 保值
1) We paid a price that was well above the market value.
2) They value the machine at 1,000 yuan.
3) I value your advice. 4) The book is of great value
6. convince v. 1)make sb feel certain 2) persuade
convince sb(to do sth)说服某人（做某事）
convince sb +that从句/of sth 使某人确信某事
1) I managed to convince them that the story was true.
2) I have been trying to convince them to come with us.
7. possess v. have(sth) as one’s belongings; own; occupy
possession n. (u) state of possessing;ownership (pl) property
be in possession of have or control sth so that others are prevented from using it
be in the possession of =be owned by = be in one’s possession
take possession of become the owner or the occupier of
1)He was found in possession of dangerous drugs.
2)The company was in the possession of him after his fatherdied.
3) You should take good care of your personal possessions.
8. attempt v. make an effort to accomplish(sth ); try(to do sth)
n. act of attempting sth
attempt sth/to do sth/doing sth;
make an attempt to do sth/at doing sth
1) He attempted (made an attempt) to escape from prison.
2) They attempt a difficult task.
9. ridiculous adj. absurd ;ridiculously adv. ridiculousness n.
1) You look ridiculous in those tight jeans.
10. contemporary adj.(with sb/sth)belonging to the same time;modern
1) I am contemporary with Tom.
2) We are studying contemporary literature.
11. permanent adj. lasting
1) The injury left him with a permanent limp.
Useful expressions:
1. focus on: concentrate on/be absorbed in/be deep in/be lost in
focus…on… :adjust the focus of (a lens or the eye) to…;concentrate (one’s attention,etc) on…
1) This year the company has focused on improving its efficiency.
2) Focus your camera on those trees.
3) Please focus(fix) your minds/attention on the following question.
2. 许多的，大量的
后接不可数名词：a great deal of /a large amount of(large amounts of)/much 后接可数名词复数：many/a great many/a number of/dozens of/scores of后接可数名词单数：many a后接不可数名词或可数名词复数：a lot of(lots of)/plenty of/a large quantity of(large quantities of)/loads of
1) A large amount/quantity of money was spent on the bridge.
2) Large amounts/quantities of food were on the table.
3. in the flesh: in physical bodily form; in person
1) His appearance in the flesh ended the rumours about his death.
2) I have got all her records but I have never seen her in the flesh.
4. lead t 引起 造成 导致 通向 cause 引起（事故等）result in （主语是原因，宾语为结果）;lie in位于，在于result from由于（主语是结果，宾语为原因）
1) Hard work leads to success and failure often lies in laziness.
2) The road leads to the station.
3) His careless driving led to/caused the accident.
5. 每（每隔）……天(年,月,日等)
every+基数词+名词复数 ; every+序数词+名词单数
1) Take this medicine every four hours(fourth hour).
Every few+名词复数 每几…，每隔……every other+名词单数 每隔一
6. worth adj/n worthy adj. worthwhile adj.
be worth +sth/doing; be worthy+of sth/of being done/to be done
It is worthwhile+to do sth/doing sth
1) The book is worth reading.
2) The book is worthy of being read.
3) It is worthwhile to read the book/reading the book.
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