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Unit 1 Great Scientists
Word usage
1. attend v 1）to take care; give attention
2) to be present at
3) to take care of ; take part in; pay attention to sth; look after
He did not attend the meeting yesterday.
The school was attended almost entirely by local children
There was no one to attend him but Tina.
She didn't attend to what I was saying.
2. expose v 1) to make visible to
2) to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of
They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV.
Their scheme was exposed.
Don't expose the film to light.
Cleaning exposed the grain of wood.
3. cure v. 1）bring a person back to health
n 2) curing and being cured
Antibiotics help to cure many diseases that were formerly fatal.
Penicillin cured him of pneumonia.
You cured me completely.
There's no known cure for a cold.
She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit
4. absorb v ：1) to occupy the full attention, or time
2) take and suck in, take in heat and light etc.
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.
So many good ideas! It's too much for me to absorb all at once.
The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.
Small businesses are absorbed by big ones.
She won't be able to absorb another heavy blow.
5. contribute v 1) join with others in giving help, money etc.
2) have a share in
He contributed half of his savings to the relief fund.
He didn't contribute one idea to the document
He contributed generously to the Red Cross.
He never contributes to the discussion
The scientist often contributes to an academic journal
6. control v. to exercise authoritative or dominating influence over; direct
n. to hold in restraint; check
She is skillful enough to control the machine now.
The British government at that time controlled the island
You must learn to control your temper.
They have no control over him.
The helicopter landed with Joe at the controls.
7. determine v. to reach a decision; resolve
She determined to go that very afternoon
My mom's encouragement determined me to go on with my study
He was determined to win the game
The court determined that the man was guilty of drunken driving.
They have determined where the new school will be built.
8. devote v. to give or apply entirely to particular activity, cause or a person
He devoted himself to writing.
He was still devoted to the study of chemistry
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
9. confuse v. 1) to cause to be unable to think clarity or act with intelligence
2) to assemble without order or sense; jumble
They confused me by their conflicting advice
You confused Australia with Austria.
His granddaughter confused the papers on his desk.
10. enthusiastic adj. Having or demonstrating enthusiasm
David is very enthusiastic about the plan.
They are enthusiastic admirers of that movie star.
My parents are enthusiastic skiers.
11. valuable adj. 1) worth of a lot of money
2) having great usefulness or value
He bought me a valuable diamond ring as a birthday present
This experience is valuable to me.
12. especially adv. 1) to extend or degree deserving of special emphasis
2) particularly, in particular
I liked all the children, Tom especially.
We need to be especially careful.
The book is compiled especially for beginners.
13. conclude v. 1) to bring to an end; close
2) to arrive at but the process of reason
We concluded our meeting at 9 o'clock.
What can you conclude from these observations?
He concluded that he would wait a little longer.
The meeting concluded after two hours.
14. replace v. 1) to put back into a former position or place
2) to take or fill the place of
She replaced the receiver.
The brakes have to be replaced.
Electric lights have replaced candles.
I will replace the cup I broke.
15. puzzle n. 1) something that baffles or confuses
2) something, such as a toy or game, that tests one’s ingenuity
v. 3) to baffle or confuse mentally
What puzzles me is why they didn't show up.
He looked a little puzzled.
His recent behavior puzzles me.
Her decision was a puzzle to him.
16. admire v. to regard with pleasure, wonder, and approval
We admire her for her diplomatic tact.
He admires your poems very much.
He admired her new hat.
17. appear vi. 1) to become visible
2) to seem or look to be
3) to come before the public
Gradually a smile appeared on her face.
It appears they are right.
He appeared to be talking to himself.
The famous singer is appearing this fall at the Music Festival.
Useful expressions
1. put forward to offer( an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration
He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.
You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes.
2. believe in 1) to accept as true or real
2) to have a firm religious faith
3) to have faith or trust in
Christians believe in Jesus.
We believe in him.
Jim believes in fresh air and morning exercises.
3. in addition adv. As well as
They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.
In addition, the course also produces practical experience.
4. deal with: do with, concern sth
He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations.
This book deals with an important issue.
I don’t know what they do with the problem=I don’t know how they deal with the problem
5. make sense 1) to make sth understand or reasonable
2) to have a clear meaning
3) to be a wise course of action
This sentence doesn't make sense.
Your story doesn’t make sense to me
Here, read the sentence. It doesn’t seem to make sense.
6. base on: to use particular information or facts as a point from which to
develop an idea, plan, etc.
This play is based on a true story.
We should base our theory on facts.
7. apart from: without considering; except for
He lives apart from his family.
Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher.
Apart from the the cost, the dress doesn’t suit me.
8. look into : to investigate
We will look into this matter together.
9. join in 1) to participate with in an act or activity
2) to become a part or member of
3) to put sth together
Will you join me in a walk?
He jion the army.
Where does the path join the road?
Tie a knot to join those two piece of rope.
10. go over 1) go examine
2) to look at or examine for a purpose
3) to repeat
We went over the building.
We must go over the account s carefully before we settle down.
GO over the lesson again
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