时态

常与之连用的词或短语

动词形式

例句

The

Present

Perfect

Tense

现在完成时态

1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

just, yet , already,

ever, never, before

等

Have done

has

Have you finished

your homework yet?

Yes, I have already finished it.

2.表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。

from then on,

all one’s life,

these days,

for 一段时间

since 时间点或从句

Have done

has

I have lived in Tianjin for three years.

He has worked in this

factory since 1990.

注：1. 现在完成是与一般过去时的区别：

现在完成是与一般过去时都是动作发生在过去，但前者强调发生的动作对目前的影响，后者则只是对动作发生的叙述而已。例如：

He went to his brother at 3 in the afternoon.

他是在下午三点钟去他兄弟那里的。（强调下午三点发生的动作）

He has gone to his brother for his book.

他已经上他兄弟那里拿书去了。（强调现在他不在这里）

2．与for 介词短语和since 介词短语或状语从句连用的现在完成时，其谓语动词也必须是持续性的。

非持续性动词的处理：将其改为表示状态的形式

如：come back 改为be back

He has come back. He has been back for three days.

其他非持续性动词的处理方法：

leave—be away from open—be open die—be dead close—be closed

fall asleep—be asleep join—be a member of begin—be on get up —be up

arrive(get, reach) —be in buy—have borrow—keep

现在完成时的否定形式可与for或since连用。

例如：I haven’t seen him for a long time.

I. 语法练习。

1．I my home work this time yesterday evening.

A. were doing B. was to do C. am doing D. was doing

2．My mother some washing when I home this evening.

A. does, got B. was doing, got C. did, got D. were doing, was doing

3．They under the tree after a long walk.

A. lay B. lie C. lying D. lied

4．I the film. I can tell you something about it.

A. see B. saw C. to see D. have seen

5．Where you ？I can’t find you .

A. have, been, anywhere B. did, be, somewhere

C. do, do, everywhere D. are, going, somebody

6． Have you to England?

A. gone B. been C. went D. go

7．The man downstairs was just falling asleep there was a loud knock the window.

A. when, at B. while, to C. as, for D. so, of

8．I am sorry I often you.

A. am troubling B. trouble C. will trouble D. was troubling

9．Don’t worry. Your children with snow now.

A. play B. will play C. was playing D. are playing

10．Tom her bat. She wants to get it back.

A. got B. have got C. has got D. have

II．课文基础：

1．The children carefully but they nothing.

A. listened, heard B. listening, hearing C. hear, listen D. hearing, listening

2．She heard a boy in the next room now.

A. sing B. sang C. singing D. to sing

3．You . You’d better have a rest.

A. look tiring B. are looking tired C. were looked tire D. look tired

4．“ is your sister?”“She is a worker.”

A. What B. How C. Why D. Who

5. I got up late this morning but I went to school in a hurry and got there just and I wasn’t late for class.

A. on time B. at time C. for time D. in time

6．Our English teacher has found the key the office door.

A. to B. on C. from D. in

7．She is teacher. All her students like her

A. a quite good B. quite a good C. quite good D. very good

8．The teacher asked us to more reading after class.

A. does B. do C. make D. give

9．The book is on the floor. Will you please ?

A. pick up it B. pick it up C. to pick up it D. to pick it up

10．What have you done my bike?

A. for B. about C. with D. of

III. 扩展练习。

1. Please answer my question in a voice.

A. loud B. loudly C. aloud D. weak

2. He came on a rainy evening and left morning.

A. tomorrow B. next C. the next D. second

3. They made them the house.

A. to leave B. left C. to live D. leave

4. There is water in the glass, is there?

A. a few B. a little C. few D. little

5. you an English –Chinese dictionary?

A. Did, had B. Have, bought C. Have, got D. Can bought

6. They’ve got many pears, Several on the table.

A. is B. were C. are D. was

7. End the letter with “Very yours”, and sign my name.

A. true B. truly C. truth D. truthfully

8. Please about your son more .

A. careful, care B. care, careful C. care, carefully D. carefully, care

9. I am sorry. I the book at home.

A. have lost B. forget C. left D. read

10. Who the old man to the hospital?

A. has taken B. took C. takes D. was taking